SPC APII Lect Lymphatic System
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| What are the 3 functions of the lymphatic system? | Drain, Transport, Immune Response
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| Drain what? | Excess interstitial fluid to the central venous system
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| Transport what? | Dietary fats & lipids, and lipid-soluble vitamins
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| Immune response for what? | Provide sites & mechanisms
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| What are the 3 major components of the lymphatic system? | Network of vessels, organs & tissues, Lymph
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| What is/are the function(s) of the Primary lymphatic organs/tissues? | Where stems cells become immunocompetent (capable of immune response), in the RBM & Thymus
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| What is/are the function(s) of the Secondary lymphatic organs/tissues? | Where most immune responses occur: Lymph Nodes, Spleen, Tonsils, Peyer's Patches
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| What is immunity? | Ability to prevent damage or disease via our defenses
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| What is susceptibility? | Lack of immunity/resistance
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| What are 2 types of immunity? | Innate (non-specific) Defenses & Adaptive (specific)Immunity
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| Explain Innate (non-specific) Defenses | Defenses present at birth; always present, avail. & fast; general but similar action against ALL microbes; has no 'memory'; two lines of defense 1st & 2nd
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| Explain Adaptive (specific) Immunity | Defenses devel. over time based upon exposure; specific microbe recognition; slower response due to 'memory'; involves lymphocytes (B & T Cells); AKA 3rd line of defense
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| Explain lymphatic circulation | Excess fluids & plasma proteins that escaped the bloodstream are collected by & returned tot he blood @ the L & R Subclavian Veins to ensure that the CVS has sufficient blood volume
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| How is Lymph formed? | The nutrients, wastes, & gasses circulating in the blood that are forced out of the blood & into the interstitial fluid.
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| Where does lymph go? | It is drained into the CVS - central venous system
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| How many lymph nodes do we have? | Approx. 600 scattered throughout the body, superficial & deep, usually in clusters
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| What do lymph nodes do? | Filter antigens from lymph
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| What cells are found in lymph nodes? | Macrophages, T Cells, B Cells
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| What is the function of Macrophages in lymph nodes? | Engulf/destroy bacteria, Cancer Cells, et al.
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| What is the function of T cells & B cells in lymph nodes? | Provide immune response after recognizing antigen
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| Identify the function of a lacteal? | Absorb nutrition & dietary lipids AFTER digestion
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| Identify the function of a chylomicron? | Transport nutrition & dietary lipids to liver for metabolism & to adipose tissue for storage
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| What is Chyle? | Dietary fats & lymph fluids (milky white)
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| How is lymph transported & circulated? | Skeletal muscle "pump"(milking), Respiratory "pump"(pressure changes)
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| Name the Lipoproteins according to their density | Chylomicron, VLDL, LDL, HDL
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| What are 4 functions of the Spleen? | Site for B cell proliferation into plasma cells, cleans blood, stores breakdown products of RBCs, site of RBC prod. in FETUS.
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| What items does the Spleen clean/remove from blood? | Old/defective/dead RBCs & Platelets; debris, antigens/foreign bacteria, viruses, toxins
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| Does the Spleen filter Lymph? why/why not? | No, due to no afferent (incoming) vessels thus no lymph filtration
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| What are the 3 types of tonsils & their common function? | 1 pharyngeal, 2 palatine, 2 lingual; respond to inhaled or ingested foreign substances/pathogens
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| What are Peyer's Patches? | Unencapsulated groups(aggregations) of lymphatic follicles (nodules) located in the ileum (terminal part of small intestine)
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| What is the function of Peyer's Patches? | Macrophages capture & destroy bacteria, thus preventing them from breaching the ileum walls
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| What do Lymphatic Capillaries do? | Drain(pickup) excess interstitial fluid & plasma proteins that leaked out of bloodstream.
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| What do Lymphatic Vessels (LV) do? | Carry lymph to/thru nodes to trunks, one way
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| What do Lymphatic Trunks do? | Each of the 5 are named for & drains a specific body region
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| What does the Right Lymphatic Duct (RLD) do? | Upper Righ Quadrant= Right side of head, righ upper extremity, right thorax (does NOT drain area below diaphragm)
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| What does the Left Lymphatic Duct (LLD) do? | Remainder of the body (including area below diaphragm)
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| What does the Cisterna Chyli do? | Located in lower extremities, narrows to become the beginning part of the LLD
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