Child and Adolescent Development
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| APGAR = ? | Done at 1 and 5 minutes of newborn.... Appearane, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration...on a scale to 10..... 3-4 is severe cardiopulmonary depression..... 5-6 indicates mild CNS depression
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| Some Neonatal Reflexes ? | * palmar grasp, tonic neck , stepping, moro, babinski, pupillary
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| 2 childhood development principles ? | * Cephalo-caudal......*Proximo-distal
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| Infancy Learning ? | * Learning occurs through direct perception and action on the environment.....Object Permanence- just bc you dont see it, doesnt mean its not there
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| Infancy Language ? | *mothereese- babbling- echolalia- first words.....Walkie/Talkie - speak at 1 year and walk at 2
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| Infancy Hand Preference ? | * Develops between 1 - 3 year old.... if before 1 year, suspect a motor/neuro issue
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| Toddler ( 18 mos- 3 years) speech ? | *18 mos.: climb stairs, run awkwardly, throw ball -Telegraphic speach “Mommy go”
..... * 2 yrs.: run well
..... * 3 yrs.: normal conversation
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| Toddler Toileting ? | *Bladder by 4 yrs......*Bowel by 3 yrs....
Wait for readiness for toilet training, coercion is ineffective
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| Toddler fears, time outs, and day cares ? | * start to develop fears, temper tantrums, and give time outs (minute per year old)..... *Day Cares can be good bc fast sickness, but less occurring over time
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| Preschool/Kindergarten Child ( Age 3-6) milestones ? | * Huge increases in language, cognitive and fine motor skills.... * By 5 yrs follows three-step commands, the question asking ages, Cooperative play beings, sex sterotype play, sports introduced
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| 3 yrs ? | *ride tricycle, climb stairs alone, put on shoes
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| 4 yrs ? | *throw ball overhand, work fasteners, use table utensils properly
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| 5 yrs ? | *skip, hop, complex activities such as swim and skate. Shoe tying
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| School-Aged Child Age (6-12) basics ? | * Piaget’s stage of concrete operations.... * Concept of conversation, Concept of reversibility, At age 6, brain is adult size, same sex relationships get close, comparing to others in activities
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| Developmental Surveillance ? | * uses parental concerns in different areas to see if kid has delays or not and assisting parental behaviors to help if necessary
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| Developmental Surveillance process ? | Elicit/Probe parent concern
-Categorize parent concern
-Screen
-Monitor
-Refer
-Counsel
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| *Adolescence Years* - Starts with puberty and ends with adulthood | *
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| Early maturing boy issues ? | *Self confident
-Independent
-Mature in social rel.
-Student body president
-More athletes
-Higher intelligence
-Increased sexual activity
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| Late maturing girl issues ? | *More competent
-More responsible
-Adaptable
-Better academically
-Later sexual activity
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| Adolescence and psychiatric illnesses and onset of disorders ? | * high incidence of different disorders like depression, schitzo, eating issues, and suicide rates
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| Adolescence death rates ? | *1 = accident, 2 = homicide, 3 = suicide...... boys are 3:1 successful in attempt, and are 1:3 in trying
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| Adolescence Juvenile Delinquency | * high arrest rates under 25 (62%)... almost 505 of people arrested for serious crimes and rape are under 18
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| Factors in Violence ? | * Genetic factors
-Psychopathology
-Child victims of abuse
-Poverty
-Drugs
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| Predicting Violence ? | * past violence is # 1 ... psych issues, Hx of violence/abuse, and antisocial behavior as a child
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| Adolescence and Dr/Pt relationship ? | * takes time since they may not want to open up to you.... * Issues of confidentiality with/from parents
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