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Stack #143155 Joints and Ligaments of Lower Limb

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Joints
Ligaments
Bones Associated
Type of Joint
Motion Allowed
Other info
Sacroiliac   Intrinsic: Interosseous sacroiliac, Ventral sacroiliac and Dorsal sacroiliac Extrinsic: Sacrotuberous and Sacrospinous   (blank)   Mixed: anterior 1/3 is synovial and inferior 2/3 is fibrous   Nutation (very limited)    
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Pubic Symphysis   Intrinsic: Superior pubic and Arcuate pubic   Pubic   Fibrous   None    
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Hip   Intrinsic: Capsule, Illiofemoral (Y shaped), Pubofemoral, Ischiofemoral Extrinsic: Acetabular labrum, Transverse acetabular ligament, Tigamentum teres   Head of the femur, and acetabulum   Synovial   "Universal" Ball and Socket, but extension limited by ligaments (iliofemoral) Flex range: 135 degrees Extension range: 15 degrees    
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Femoro-tibio-Patellar (knee)   Intrinsic: Capsule, Patellar, Lateral (Fibular) collateral, Medial (Tibial) Collateral (attached to miniscus and frequently injured), Oblique Popliteal, Arcuate Extrinsic: Anterior and Posterior (the stronger one) Cruciates   Femur with tibia, femur with patella, and proximal tibia/fibular <-- but is a noncomponent because is is inferior to it   Synovial with complex joint capsule   Roll and Glide of femur over tibia at condylar surfaces. Patella glides over femoral condyles   Remember the three "C"s of injury: Medial Collateral, Anterior Cruciate, Medial Cartiledge  
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Proximal tibiofibular   Anterior and Posterior intrinsics   tibia and fibula   Synovial   Limited: superior and inferior gliding    
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Distal tibiofibular   Intrinsics: Anterior and posterior tibiofibular and inferior transverse ligaments Extrinsics: Interosseous tibiofibular and possibly the interosseous membrance   Distal tibia and fibula   Fibrous   Minimal   Stabilizes ankle: location of high ankle sprain  
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Talocrural (ankle)   Medial (deltoid) ligaments: made up of 4 - tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, anterior and posterior tibiotalar Lateral ligaments: made up of 3 - Anterior talofibular (most often injured in lateral sprain), posterior talofibular, and calcaneofibular   Talus with medial fibula and the inferior and lateral surfaces of the tibia   Synovial with all three joint surfaces in same capsule   Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion (NO EVERSION OR INVERSION!!)   Priniciple connection of leg to foot: one of the "ankle" joints Lateral ligaments weaker than medial  
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Talocalcaneonavicular (ONE PART OF Subtalar to surgeons)   Calcaneonavicular posteriorly and Talonavicular anteriorly, Plantar calcaneonavicular ("Spring Ligament")   Calcaneous with anterior talus and calcaneous owith middle talus, talus with navicular <-- not included in subtalar to surgeons   Synovial   EVERSION AND INVERSION OF FOOT    
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Calcaneocuboid   Intrinsic: short plantar Extrinsic: Posterior calcaneocuboid   Calcaneous and cuboids   Synovial      
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Transverse Tarsal   Those of the talocalcaneonavicular and the calcaneocuboid   Talus, calcaneous, cuboids and navicular   Actually two joints together: The talocalcaneonavicular and the calcaneocuboid. Also called Chopart's Joint   Forefoot abduction or adduction   Combined motions of the foot require motion at talocrural, subtalar, and transverse tarsal joints  
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Cuneocuboid   various intrinsic ligaments reinforce capsule   between cuboid and lateral cuneiform   Maybe own synovial joint or share a joint capsule with the three other cuneiform bones      
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Intercuneiform   various intrinsics   Three cuneiform bones   Synovial      
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Cuneonavicular   various intrinsic   Share capsule with eachother, the intercueiform joints and sometimes the cuneocuboid joint   Synovial      
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Tarsalmetatarsal   (blank)   Bases of metatarsals and the three cuneiforms, and cuboid   All synovial with three distinct cavities   Slight gliding   Lisfrancs Joint  
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Intermetatarsal   intrinsic ligaments and a deep transverse metatarsal ligament   Between bases of metatarsals   Synovial   Gliding motions very limited    
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Metatarsal Phalangeal   Collateral and plantar ligaments   Head of metatarsals and bases of proximal phalanges   Synovial   Rolling and allows flexion, extension, abduction and adduction of toes   1st metatarsal is unique: has 2 sesammoid bones in plantar ligament that reinforces its capsule  
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Interphalangeal   Collateral and plantar ligaments   Heads of distal and bases of proximal phalanges   Synovial   rolling and gliding produces phalangeal flexion and extension    
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Talocalcaneal (ONE PART of Subtalar to Surgeons)   talocalcaneal ligaments   POSTERIOR talus and POSTERIOR calcaneus   Synovial   EVERSION AND INVERSION OF FOOT   This is the POSTERIOR portion of the the Subtalar Joint to Surgeons (Anterior and middle are the talocalcaneonavicular joints)  
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