Anatomy Chapters 15 & 16
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| Which of the following statements describes the pericardium? | It is a two-part membrane that surrounds and protects the heart.
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| Which blood vessel delivers deoxygenated blood from the head and neck to the heart? | superior vena cava
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| Cardiac muscle fibers | are described by all of the above
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| The chordae tendineae and papillary muscles of the heart | help prevent the atrioventricular valves from protruding into the atria when the ventricles contract.
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| Which chamber of the heart has the thickest layer of myocardium? | left ventricle
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| The normal "pacemaker" of the heart is the | sinoatrial (SA) node
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| In normal heart action | the two atria contract together, and then the two ventricles contract together
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| Heart sounds are produced by | closure of the heart valves
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| Heart rate and strength of contraction are controlled by the cardiovascular center, which is located in the | medulla
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| The portion of the ECG that corresponds to atrial depolarization is the | P wave
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| The opening of the semilunar valves is due to the pressure in the | ventricles exceeding the prssure in the aorta and pulmonary trunk
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| The blood supply to the myocardium is the | coronary circulation
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| The Frank-Starling law of the heart | is important in maintaining equal blood output from both ventricles
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| Which of the following sequences best represents the parthway of an action potential through the heart's conduction system? | d. 1, 4, 3, 5, 2
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| Which of the following is NOT true concerning ventricular filling during he cardiac cycle? | The semilunar valves are open
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| Cardiac output | equals stroke volume (SV) X heart rate (HR)
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| Which of the following statements is NOT true? | A drop in blood pressure would cause baroreceptors to stimulate the cardiovascular center to increase parasympathetic impulses
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| Sensory receptors that monitor changes in the blood pressure to the brain are | baroreceptors in the carotid arteries
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| The blood vessels that allow the exchange of nutrients, wastes, oxygen, and carbon dioxide between the blood and tissue are the | arteries
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| Autoregulation is | an ability of a tissue to adjust its blood flow
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| Blood flows through the blood vessels because of the | establishment of a pressure gradient
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| Which of the following represents pulmonary circulation as the blood flows from the right ventricle? | trunk --> arteries --> capillaries --> veins
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| Supplying additional fat tissue with blood may raise blood pressrue because | of an increase in total vessel length
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| Filtration of substances out of capillaries occurs when the capillary blood pressure is ___ and blood colloid osmotic pressure is ___. | high, low
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| Which of the following pairs of hormones have opposite effects on blood pressure? | ADH, ANP
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| Which of the following statements about blood vessels is true? | walls of arteries are generally thicker and contain more elastic tissue than walls of veins
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| Why is it important that blood flows slowly through the capillaries? | it permits the efficient exchange of nutrients and wastes between the blood and body cells
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| Aldosterone affects blood pressure by | increasing reabsorption of sodium ions and water kidneys
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| In a blood pressure reading of 110/70 | 70 represents the pressure of the blood against the arteries during ventricular relaxation
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| Which of the following statements is NOT true? | regulation of blood vessel diameter originates from the hypothalamus
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| Venous return to the heart is enhanced by all of the following EXCEPT | vasodilation
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| valve between the left atrium and left ventricle | biscuspid (mitral) valve
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| valve between the right atrium and right ventricle | tricuspid valve
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| chamber that pumps blood to the lungs | right ventricle
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| chamber that pumps blood into the aorta | left ventricle
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| chamber that receives oxygenated blood from lungs | left atrium
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| chamber that receives deoxygenated blood from body | right atrium
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| valve between the left ventricle and aorta | aortic valve
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| valve between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk | pulmonary vavle
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| wall between lower heart chambers | interventricular septum
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| sac-like structure located on anterior surface of atrium | auricle
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| wall between upper heart chambers | interatrial septum
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| may cause a heart murmur | valve disorder
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| heart compression | cardiac tamponande
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| inflammation of heart covering | pericarditis
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| heart chamber contraction | systole
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| chest pain from ischemia | angina pectoris
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| heart attack | myocardial infarction
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| heart chamber relaxation | diastole
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