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ANT Chpt 15 & 16
Anatomy Chapters 15 & 16
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following statements describes the pericardium? | It is a two-part membrane that surrounds and protects the heart. |
| Which blood vessel delivers deoxygenated blood from the head and neck to the heart? | superior vena cava |
| Cardiac muscle fibers | are described by all of the above |
| The chordae tendineae and papillary muscles of the heart | help prevent the atrioventricular valves from protruding into the atria when the ventricles contract. |
| Which chamber of the heart has the thickest layer of myocardium? | left ventricle |
| The normal "pacemaker" of the heart is the | sinoatrial (SA) node |
| In normal heart action | the two atria contract together, and then the two ventricles contract together |
| Heart sounds are produced by | closure of the heart valves |
| Heart rate and strength of contraction are controlled by the cardiovascular center, which is located in the | medulla |
| The portion of the ECG that corresponds to atrial depolarization is the | P wave |
| The opening of the semilunar valves is due to the pressure in the | ventricles exceeding the prssure in the aorta and pulmonary trunk |
| The blood supply to the myocardium is the | coronary circulation |
| The Frank-Starling law of the heart | is important in maintaining equal blood output from both ventricles |
| Which of the following sequences best represents the parthway of an action potential through the heart's conduction system? | d. 1, 4, 3, 5, 2 |
| Which of the following is NOT true concerning ventricular filling during he cardiac cycle? | The semilunar valves are open |
| Cardiac output | equals stroke volume (SV) X heart rate (HR) |
| Which of the following statements is NOT true? | A drop in blood pressure would cause baroreceptors to stimulate the cardiovascular center to increase parasympathetic impulses |
| Sensory receptors that monitor changes in the blood pressure to the brain are | baroreceptors in the carotid arteries |
| The blood vessels that allow the exchange of nutrients, wastes, oxygen, and carbon dioxide between the blood and tissue are the | arteries |
| Autoregulation is | an ability of a tissue to adjust its blood flow |
| Blood flows through the blood vessels because of the | establishment of a pressure gradient |
| Which of the following represents pulmonary circulation as the blood flows from the right ventricle? | trunk --> arteries --> capillaries --> veins |
| Supplying additional fat tissue with blood may raise blood pressrue because | of an increase in total vessel length |
| Filtration of substances out of capillaries occurs when the capillary blood pressure is ___ and blood colloid osmotic pressure is ___. | high, low |
| Which of the following pairs of hormones have opposite effects on blood pressure? | ADH, ANP |
| Which of the following statements about blood vessels is true? | walls of arteries are generally thicker and contain more elastic tissue than walls of veins |
| Why is it important that blood flows slowly through the capillaries? | it permits the efficient exchange of nutrients and wastes between the blood and body cells |
| Aldosterone affects blood pressure by | increasing reabsorption of sodium ions and water kidneys |
| In a blood pressure reading of 110/70 | 70 represents the pressure of the blood against the arteries during ventricular relaxation |
| Which of the following statements is NOT true? | regulation of blood vessel diameter originates from the hypothalamus |
| Venous return to the heart is enhanced by all of the following EXCEPT | vasodilation |
| valve between the left atrium and left ventricle | biscuspid (mitral) valve |
| valve between the right atrium and right ventricle | tricuspid valve |
| chamber that pumps blood to the lungs | right ventricle |
| chamber that pumps blood into the aorta | left ventricle |
| chamber that receives oxygenated blood from lungs | left atrium |
| chamber that receives deoxygenated blood from body | right atrium |
| valve between the left ventricle and aorta | aortic valve |
| valve between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk | pulmonary vavle |
| wall between lower heart chambers | interventricular septum |
| sac-like structure located on anterior surface of atrium | auricle |
| wall between upper heart chambers | interatrial septum |
| may cause a heart murmur | valve disorder |
| heart compression | cardiac tamponande |
| inflammation of heart covering | pericarditis |
| heart chamber contraction | systole |
| chest pain from ischemia | angina pectoris |
| heart attack | myocardial infarction |
| heart chamber relaxation | diastole |
Created by:
dtgs2010
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