Muscles
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| Ability to shorten with force | Contractility
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| Capacity to respond to a stimulus | Excitability
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| Ability to be stretched | Extensibility
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| Ability to recoil their original resting length after they have beem stretched | Elasticity
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| Skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath | epimysium
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| Another connective tissue located outside the epimysium. Surrounds and separates muscles | Fascia
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| Surrounded by loose conective tissue | perimysium
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| Fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells | fibers
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| surrounded by a conective tissue sheath | endomysium
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| Thread like structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | Myofibrils
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| Thin myofilaments | Actin Myofilaments
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| Thick Myofilaments | Myosin Myofilaments
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| joined end to end to form the myofibril | sarcomeres
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| Charge difference across the membrane | resting membrane potential
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| Brief reversal back of the charge | action potential
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| Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fiberz | Motor Neurons
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| Branch that conects to the muscle forms a ________ _______ or _______ near the center of the cell. | Neuromuscluar Function or Synapse
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| Single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates | Motor Unit
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| Enlarged nerve terminal | Presynaptic Terminal
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| Space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell | Synaptic Cleft
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| Muscle Fiber | Postsynaptic Terminal
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| Presynaptic Terminal contains | Synaptic Vesicles
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| Diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to the postsynaptiv terminal causing a change in the postsynaptic cell | Acetylcholine
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| Rapidly broken down by an enzymes | Acetylcholinesterase
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| Sliding of the actin myofliaments past myosin myofliaments during contraction | Sliding filament mechanism
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| Contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers | Muscle Twitch
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| Muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level | Threshold
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| Pint the muscle fiber will contract maximally | All-or-none response
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| Time Between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction | Lag Phase
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| Time of contraction | Contraction Phase
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| Time durring which the muscle relaxes | Relaxation Phase
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| Where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing | Tetany
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| Increase in number of motor units being activated | recruitment
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| Atrest they can`t stockpile ATP but they can store another high energy molecule | Creatine phosphate
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| Without Oxygen | Anaerobic Respiration
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| With Oxygen | Aerobic Respiration
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| Amount of Oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose and to replemish the depleted stores of creatine phosphate stores in muscle cells | Oxygen Debt
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| Results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells | Muscle Fatigue
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| Equal Distance (Holding Ball) | Isometric
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| Equal Tension (Throwing Ball) | Isotonic
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| Keeps head up and Back straight | Muscle Tone
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| Contract quickly and fatigue quickly | Fast-Twitch Fibers
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| Contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatique | Slow-Twitch Fibers
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| (Head) Most stationary end of the muscle | Origin
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| End of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement | Insertion
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| Portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion | Belly
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| Muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements | Synergists
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| Muscles that work in opposition to one another | Antagonists
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| Amomg a group of synerhists, if one muscle plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement | Prime Mover
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| Raises the eyebrows | Occipitofrontalis
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| Closes eye lids | Orbicularis Oculi
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| Pucker`s the lips | Bicularis Oris
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| Flattens the cheeks "Trumpeter`s Muscle" | buccinator
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| Smiling muscle | Zygomaticus
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| Sneering | Levator labii superoris
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| Frowning | Depressor Anguli Oris
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| Chewing | Mastication
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| Cahnges shape of the tongue | Intrinsic Tongue Muscles
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| Moves the tongue | Extrinsic Tongue Muscles
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| Sternocleidomastiod (Lateral Neck; Prime Mover)-(Rotates & Extends the head)-(Twisted neck;wry neck) | Neck Muscles
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| Tendious area of the abdominal wall | Linea Alba
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| each side of the linea alba | Rectus Abdominis
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| inscriptions cross the rectus abdominis at three or more locations, causing the abdominal wall of a well-muscled person to appear segmented. | Tendinous Inscriptions
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| rotates scapula | Trapezius
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| pulls scapula anteriorly | Serratus Anterior
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| The arm is attached to the thorax | Pectoralis Major and Lastissimus dorsi muscles
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| adducts and flexes the arm | Pectoralis Major
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| – medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm. “Swimmer muscles” | Lastissimus Dorsi
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| attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle, and is the major abductor of the upper limb. | Deltoid
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| extends the forearm. Occupies the posterior compartment of the arm. | Triceps brachii
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| flexes the forearm. Occupies the anterior compartment of the arm. | Biceps brachii
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| flexes forearm | Brachialis
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| flexes and supinates the forearm. | Brachioradialis
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| strong band of fibrous connective tissue that covers the flexor and extensor tendons and holds them in place around the wrist so that they do not “bowstring” during muscle contraction. | Retinaculum (bracelet)
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| flexes the wrist. | Flexor carpi
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| extends the wrist | Extensor carpi
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| flexes the fingers | Flexor digitorum
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| extends the fingers. | Extensor digitorum
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| 19 hand muscles, , located within the hand | intrinsic hand muscles
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| muscles, located between the metacarpals, are responsible for abduction and adduction of the fingers. | Interossi
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| buttocks. Contributes most of the mass of the buttocks | Gluteus maximus
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| hip muscle and common injection site. | Gluteus medius
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| extends the leg; anterior thigh muscles | Quadriceps femoris
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| “tailors muscle”; flexes the thigh | Sartorius
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| muscles – posterior thigh muscles; flexes the leg and extends the thigh. | Hamstring
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| form the calf muscle | Gastrocnemius and soleus
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| They join to form | calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon). Flex the foot and toes.
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| The lateral muscles of the leg | peroneus
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| 20 muscles located within the foot, muscles flex extend, abduct, and adduct the toes. | intrinsic foot
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