Muscles
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| contractility | shorten with force
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| excitability | respond to a stimulus
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| extensibility | ability to be stretched
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| elasticity | recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched
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| epimysium | skeletal muscle surrounded by a connective tissue sheath
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| fascia | another connective located outside the epimysium
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| fascicle | muscle composed of numerous visible bundles
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| perimysium | surrounded by loose connective tissue
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| fibers | single muscle cells
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| muscle fiber | single cylindrical cell containing several nuclei
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| endomysium | connective tissue sheath
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| myofibrils | threadlike structure
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| 2 major kinds of protein fiber | actin - thin myosin - thick
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| actin and myosin form | sarcomeres
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| muscle twitch | contraction of an entire muscle
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| isometric | equal distance (holding ball)
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| isotonic | equal tension (throwing ball)
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| fast-twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly (white meat of a chicken breast)
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| slow-twitch fibers | contract slowly (dark meat of a duck's breast or the legs of a chicken)
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| origin (head) | most stationary end of a muscle
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| insertion | end of muscle undergoing the greatest movement
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| belly | muscle between the origin and the insertion
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| synergists | work together to accomplish specific movments
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| antagonists | muscle that work in oppostion to one another
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| occipitofrontalis | raises the eyebrows
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| oribicularis oculi | closes eyelid (crow feet)
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| kissing muscles | orbicularis oris and buccinator
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| puckers the lips | orbicularis oris
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| flattens the cheeks | buccinator
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| zygomaticus | smiling muscle
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| levator labii superoris | sneering
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| depressor anguli oris | frowning
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| two mastication muscles | temporalis and masseter
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| mastication | chewing
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| sternocleidomastoid | rotates and extends the neck
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| intrinsic | changes shape of tongue
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| extrinsic | moves the tongue
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| external intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration
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| internal intercostals | contract during forced expiration
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| diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing
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| linea alba | tendinous area of the abdominal wall
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| tendinous inscriptions | cross the rectus abdominis at three or more location
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| trapezius | rotates scapula
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| serratus anterior | pulls scapula anteriorly
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| pectoralis major | adducts and flexes the arm
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| latissimus dorsi | medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends arm
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| deltoid | attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle
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| triceps brachii | extends the forearm
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| biceps brachii | flexes the forearm
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| brachioradialis | flexes and supinates the forearm
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| retinaculum (bracelet) | strong band of fibrous connective tissue
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| flexor carpi | flexes the wrist
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| extensor carpi | extends the wrist
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| flexor digitorum | flexes the fingers
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| extensor digitorum | extends the fingers
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| intrinsic hand muscles | 19 hand muscles
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| interossi | muscles, located between the metacarpals
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| gluteus maximus | buttocks
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| gluteus medius | hip muscle and common injection site
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| quadriceps femoris | extends the leg; anterior thigh muscles
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| sartorius | "tailors muscle" flexes the thigh
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| hamstring | posterior thigh muscles; flexes the leg and extends the thigh
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| gastrocnemius and soleus | forms the calf muscle
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| calcaneal tendons | flex the foot and toes
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| peroneus | turning the lateral side of the foot outwards
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| intrinsic foot | 20 muscles located within the foot
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| thoracic muscles | muscles that move the thorax
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| erector spinae | group of muscles on each side of the back
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| ATP (adenosine triphosphate) | needed for energy for muscle contraction
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| recruitment | the increase in number of motor units being activated
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| tetany | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing
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| 2 types of muscle contactions | isometric and isotonic
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| anaerobic respiration | without oxygen
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| aerobic respiration | with oxygen
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| prime mover | a group of synergists
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Created by:
griffeneastham
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