ST240 Final Exam
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| Two Principal Divisions of Nervous System | peripheral and central
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| Part of neuron that carries impulses to the cell body | dendrites
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| part of neuron that carries impulses away from cell body | axon
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| types of neurons that carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord | motor / efferent
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| types of neurons that carry impulses to the brain and spinal cord | sensory / afferent
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| interneurons connect | none of the above
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| cells that produce myelin for the cells of the brain and spinal cord | oligodendrocytes
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| cells that are important in the blood brain barrier | astrocytes
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| cells that produce myelin outside the brain and spinal cord | Schwann cells
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| synapse is | a gap between neurons, crossed by a chemical, separates the axon end of the neuron and the dendrite of the next
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| vital centers (ex. respiratory) are located in | medulla oblongata
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| coordination of muscle movement and the maintenance of equilibrium | cerebellum
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| the right and the left sides of the cerebrum are connected by the | corpus callosum
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| tough outer layer of the meninges | dura mater
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| an efferent neuron carries impulses in the direction opposite of | both sensory and afferent
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| the lobe of the brain that deals with the vision | occipital
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| Which nervous system makes up part of the autonomic nervous system | both the parasympathetic and sympathetic
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| Which nervous system dominates the control of effector organs under normal, everyday conditions | parasympathetic nervous system
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| portion of the neuron that receives information | dendrites
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| the fluid portion of blood | plasma
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| term that refers to the formation of red blood cells | erythropoiesis
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| universal donors have what blood type | O
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| the use of one's own blood for the purpose of transfusion during a surgical procedure is | autologous
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| thrombocytes are also known as | platelets
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| what organ breaks down and removes old RBC's | spleen
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| pulmonary vein returns oxygen-rich blood | left atrium
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| innermost layer of the heart | endocardium
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| pacemaker of the heart | SA sinoartrial node
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| outermost layer of the heart | visceral pericardium and epicardium
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| blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart | veins
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| tricuspid valve is located between | right atrium and right ventricle
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| right side of the heart | deals with oxygen-poor blood
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| first blood vessel of systemic circulation | aorta
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| heart is supplied with blood by | arteries that branch directly from the aorta
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| correct sequence for the conducting system | sinoatrial node, AV node, AV bundle and purkinje fibers
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| last blood vessel of pulmonary circulation | pulmonary vein
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| heart is located | left of the midline of the sternum
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| when the left ventricle contracts, it pushes blood through a valve to the | aorta
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| medical term for the heart presenting on the right side of the thorax | dextrocardia
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| the _______ is the outer most layers of the heart | parietal pericardium
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| lub is the closing of and dub is the closing of | cuspid valves, semilunar valves
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| what is the medical term for a heart attack | myocardio infarction
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| _____________ is the volume of blood ejected from one ventricle with each beat | stroke volume
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| in fetal circulation, __________ is the connection between the two (2) atriums | foramen ovale
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| examples of laryngospasms except | coughing, choking and turning blue
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| what is another term for spinal anesthesia | intrathecal
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| naming category not used in a health care setting | street name
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| LSD would be placed in which classification of controlled substances | class 1
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| period of time during which the drug is at it's maximum effectiveness | peak effect
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| the breakdown of metabolism | metabolites
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| the study of the process of the drug as it passes through the | pharmacokinetics
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| how are most drugs absorbed by the body | passive transport
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| which of the following is NOT a drug administration route | biodegradable
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| what is the medical term for normal breathing | eupnea
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| phases of anesthesia except | post induction
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| during which phase of general anesthesia would the risk of aspiration be the greatest | induction
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| a route of administration that is given into the subarachnoid space | intrathecal
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| reason to perform a specific procedure or prescribe a certain drug | indication
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| what is the topical agent used by peripheral vascular and neurosurgeons to dilate blood vessels | papaverine HCI
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| placed under tongue | sublingual
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| treats malignant hyperthermia | dantrolene
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| in pharmacokinetics, metabolism is also called | biotransformation
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| nontraditional type of anesthesia in US | acupuncture
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| drugs which begin with a natural substance that is then chemically altered | semisynthetic
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| examples of regional anesthesia except | monitored anesthesia care
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| which anatomical organ does biotransformation of drugs most often take place | liver
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| widely accepted list of safety measures is entitles the six ______ of Medication administration | rights
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| route of administration that is given between the layers of the skin | dermal
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| what is the primary cause of malignant hyperthermia | overdose of succinylcholine
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| both organisms benefit from each other | mutualism
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| most HAI's are the cause of | UTIs
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| indigenous microflora is often referred to as | opportunistic
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| neutralism is a sub category of | commensalism
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| a microbe that produces waste products that are toxic to other microbes | antagonism
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| one organism benefits but the host neither benefits or is harmed | commensalism
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| one organism benefits but the other is harmed | parasitism
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| a mutualistic bacteria that aids in the host in blood clot formation | E. coli
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| HAIs are commonly referred to as | nosocomial
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| synergism is a subcategory | mutualism
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| which term means the number of microbes or amount of organic debris on an object at any given time | bioburden
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| which of the following chemicals is a high-level disinfectant when items are immersed for 20-30 mins and a sterilant if items remain immersed for 10 hours | glutaraldyhyde
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| which part of the instrument reprocessing cycle is performed intraoperatively | wiping with sterile water
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| what is the type of process the ultrasonic cleaner uses to dislodge minute particles of soil and organic debris | cavitation
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| which type of packaging system has filters and removable locking devices | rigid containers
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| what is the weight the AAMI say not to exceed | 25 pounds
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| which of the following is the type of dating system that denotes the number of the calendar day in 1 through 265/266 | julian
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| which sterilization method is most commonly used, safest, least expensive, and appropriate for the majority of surgical instruments | saturated steam
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| biological indicator for the steam sterilization method | geobacillus stearothermophilus
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| contamination caused by passage of microorganisms through a sterilized package by way of moisture wicking is termed | strike-through
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| which sterilization method presents the greatest exposure risk to CSPD personnel, is expensive and requires the longest total cycle time | ethylene oxide
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| cidex is the trade name for | glutaraldyhyde
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| distance of wrapper from edge | 1 in away edge
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| what term refers to a barrier that does not allow passage of liquid | impervious
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| two types of cells in the nervous system | neurons and glia cells
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| indentations between Schwann cells | Nodes of Ranvier
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| white mater has | myelin sheath
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| important in regulating body temperature | hypothalamus
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| deepest grooves in the cerebrum | fissures
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| peripheral nervous system consists of _____ cranal nerves and _____ spinal nerves | 12 pairs, 31 pairs
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| fight or flight response | sympathetic
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| normal, everyday response | parasympathetic
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| layers of the meninges | dura mater, pia mater and arachnoid
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| how many cranial nerves | 24
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| the protein that is necessary for the transport of oxygen molecules to cells in the body | hemoglobin
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| other names for cuspid valve | mitral valve, bicuspid valve, LVA left atrioventricular valve
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| blunt point of the heart | apex
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| medical procedure where a vein from another part of the body is used to go around a blocked artery in the heart | CABG
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| involved in the contraction of the ventricles | bundle of His and purkinje fibers
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| type of wrapper that is compatible with hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization method | Tyvek
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| relationship between steam pressure and steam sterilizer | increased pressure increased temperature
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| physical or chemical process by which all living microorganisms, including spores, are killed | sterilization
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| term for inanimate objects that harbor microorganisms that contribute to environmental contamination | fomites
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| which of the following would be appropriate for use on animate surfaces | antiseptic
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| not a classification for patient care items | hypercritical
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| noncritical patient care items | pulse oximeters
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| term for surg tech's skin after surgical scrub | surgically clean
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| type of chemical solution made of catalysts that aid in breaking down proteinaceous debris such as blood and fat | enzymatic
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| common name for high-level sodium hypochlorite | bleach
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| another name for intermediate-level disinfectant phenol | carbolic acid
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| appropriate for surgical instruments covered with bioburden during a surgery | sterile water
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| term for case over and clean room for next case | turnover
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| types of instruments must be cleaned with bristle-brushes on wires, etc | suction tip lumens
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| term for the process of lubricating stainless steel instruments | milking
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| type of surgical instrument that should never be immersed | powered
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| before opening package must check for | integrity
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| acceptable position of ST with gowned and gloved | clasped in front at waist level
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| sterile to sterile personnel should never pass | front to back
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| nonsterile person should approach field while maintaining distance of | 12 inches away
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| most important factor for the ST to always maintain | strict surgical conscience
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| replaced previous system and is now used today | event related
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| method of sterilization uses gamma rays or beta particles | ionizing radiation
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| biological indicator for hydrogen peroxide gas plasma | bacillus atropheaus
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| Bowie-Dick test is performed for which | prevaccum air removal steam
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| should never be processed by immediate-use sterilization | implantable devices
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| quality control device that turns paper black | chemical indicator
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| steam biological indicator should be incubated for | 24 hours
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| the advantage for using ethylene oxide | it is safe for heat and moisture sensitive items
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| method of chemical sterilization has limitations based on the challenge of diffusion into narrow lumens | hydrogen peroxide gas plasma
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| why are instruments placed in perforated trays | penetration of sterilant
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| wound that is not sutured and that gradually fills in by granulation heals by | second intention
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| techniques of eliminating dead space except | electrical nerve stimulation
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| postop complication that most be operated immediately | evisceration
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| phase of healing that starts within minutes of first intention | inflammatory
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| name of a raised, hypertrophic scar | keloid
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| greatest strength tissue layer | fascia
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| term for the removal of foreign material | debridement
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| evisceration of an abdominal wound is | protrusion of the viscera
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| type of healing that occurs with good approximation and ideal surgical conditions | first
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| if tissue is approximated to tightly | ischemia
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| primary union wound healing occurs | side to side
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| inflammation is | a normal response of the body
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| class 1 wound | no breaks in technique
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| wound classification for vaginal hysterectomy | class 2
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| purulent wound treated by debridement and placement of medicated packing, then sutured after resolution of the infection heals by | third intention
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