Conditons and procedures of the musculoskeletal system.
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| muscular dystrophy | A group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without invovelment of the nervous system.
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| polymyositis | Chronic inflammatory myopathy
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| antinuclear antibody test (ANA) | Detects an antibody present in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
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| erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) | Measures the rate at which erythrocytes settle to the bottom of a test tube.
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| An elevated ESR is associated with... | inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, tumors, infections of bone and soft tissue.
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| rheumatoid factor test (RF) | Serum is tested for the presence of an antibody found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
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| serum calcium | Measurement of calcium level in serum.
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| serum creatine kinase (CK) | Measurement of an enzyme (creatine kinase) in serum.
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| Increased levels of of creatine kinase may be associated with... | muscular dystrophy, polymyositis, and traumatic injury.
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| uric acid test | Measurement of uric acid in serum
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| Increased levels of uric acid may indicate... | gouty arthritis.
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| arthrocentesis | Surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint space. Mainly used to analyze synovial fluid.
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| arthrography | process of taking x-ray images after injection of contrast material into the joint.
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| arthroplasty | Surgical repair of a joint.
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| arthroscopy | Visual examination of the inside of a joint with an endoscope and television camera. Used in many surgeries to reduce recovery time.
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| bone density test | Lower-energy x-ray absorption in bones of the spinal column, pelvis and wrist to measure bone mass.
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| bone scan | Uptake of radioactive substance is measured in bone.
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| Bone scans will show increased uptake of radioactive substance in areas such as... | tumors, sites of infection, inflammation and stress fractures.
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| computed tomography (CT) | X-ray beam is used with a computer to provide cross sectional images. Used to identify soft tissue abnormalities, bone abnormalities and skeletal trauma.
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| diskography | X-ray examination of cervical or lumbar intervertebral disk after injection of contrast into nucleus puposus (interior of disk)
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