a & p..body structors, body cavities, cells, ect.....
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| what is physiology? | is the science of the functions of cells, tissue & organs of the body
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| The _______________ divides the anterior cavity into an upper Thoracic cavity | diaphragm
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| what are the 3 central areas of the abdomen? | epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric
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| what are centrioles? | Provide spindle fibers for attaching chromosomes during cellular division
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| what is phagocytosis? | cell eating
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| describe the ph scale: | determines acidic and alkalinity.
7.0= neutral...below 7.0 = acidic....above 7.0 = alkaline
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| what is galactosemia? | an inherited metabolic disorder involving galactose as is presented in milk/milk products
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| what are characteristics of Turners syndrome? | short stature, webbing of neck, low hair line, a wide chest w/ broadly space nipples, pour breast development and underdevelopment of the genitalia
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| What is edema? | swelling
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| what tissues provide specific secretions for the body? | Epithelial tissue
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| what are the types of connective tissue? | connective, supportive, fluid
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| where is cartilage found? | between the bones and at the end of bones: ears, nose, voice box
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| what is homeostasis? | good health
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| what is a cleft palate? | structural defect of roof of mouth
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| what is spinal bifida? | malformation of spine
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| what is a system? | organs of body that join together for a particular function
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| what is an organ? | two or more tissues working together to perform a specific function
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| what is a striated muscle? | skeletal muscle tissue (voluntary)
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| what is a smooth muscle? | is found within the walls of all the organs except the heart. (involuntary)
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| muscular tissue contracts on what? | stimulation
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| nerve tissue is made up of? | neurons
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| a neuron that picks up and sends stimuli towards spinal cord and brain | sensory neuron
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| a neuron that carries impulses from one neuron to the other neuron | inter-neuron
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| a neuron that receives impulses and sends message which causes a reaction | motor neuron
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| what type of tissue is a supporting structure of the body? | connective tissue
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| what is the purpose of soft tissue? | stores fat, insulates, acts as padding and is the subcutaneous layer of the skin
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| Dense connective tissue is where? | tendons, ligaments, and organ capsules.
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| what 2 tissues supports and protects organs? | soft and dense
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| what is hard tissue made of? | cartilage
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| Genetic and Congenital Disorders can result from? | improper sex cell division at the time of fertilization
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| Cells of the same type joined together for a common purpose | tissue
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| what percentage of tissue is made up of water? | 60 to 99%
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| epithelial | the surface of the body
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| endocrine | secrets directly into blood stream
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| exocrine | secretes through ducts (sweat)
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| what are the 3 traits | dominant gene, recessive gene, x-linked
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| DNA is a ______ | code
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| from a copy error | mutation
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| mutation factors | internal and external
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| name the 2 cellular divisions | mitosis and meiosis
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| mitosis occurs when a | cell divides into two identical cells (reproducing)
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| meiosis is a process by which the | ovum & spermation reduces their respective 46 chromosomes to 23
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| two or more elements combined? | compounds
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| 4 classification of compounds | acid, base or alkali, salt/water, p.h.
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| biochemistry elements have how many natural forms? how may are man made? how many are need to sustain life, and name the most common? And 4 of them are called? | 92. 13. 20. carbon, oxygen, hydrogen & nitrogen. Trace elements
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| biochemistry elements is sub stained in the __________ form | simplest
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| The cell is the basic building block of? | life
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| the cell takes in? | food and oxygen
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| the cell produces? | heat and energy
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| the cell gives off? | waste products
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| the cell _________ itself. | reproduces
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| the cell does ________ specific _______ | perform, duties
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| the body contains how many cells? | 75 trillion
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| cells vary in ____,___,_____ | shape, size & activity
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| name the cell parts. | cytoplasm, cell membrane, organelles, chromosomes, nucleus, centroles, endopalsmatic reticulum, mitochondira, gogli apperates, lysosomes, pinocytic vesicles
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| the median or sagittal plane? | a line dividing the body vertically down the front. it divides into right and left halves.
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| medial | anything towards the midline
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| lateral | anything away from the midline
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| proximal | nearest point to of attachment
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| distal | distance away from point of attachment
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| frontal or cornal plane | line that divides the body into front and back secetions
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| anterior/ventral refers to..... | anything located in front section
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| posterior/dorsal refers to.... | anything located in the back section
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| transverse plane | horizontal line that divides body into top and bottom
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| superior | above the line
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| inferior | below the line
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| the dorsal and posterior cavity is divided into 2 sections. What are they? | cranial cavity(contain brain)
spinal cavity(contains spine)
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| thoracic cavity is the | chest
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| thoracic contains? | heart, lungs and great blood vessels
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| what protects the thoracic cavity? | the ribs
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| the abdominopelvic cavity has 3 parts. What are they? | upper abdominal, lower pelvic portion and retroperitoneal cavity
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| contains the kidney? | retroperitoneal cavity
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| contains the bladder, part of the large intestine and internal organs? | lower pelvic pertion
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| contains the stomach, small intestine, most of the large intestine, liver, spleen, pancreas and gallbladder | abdominopelvic cavity
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| contains eyes? | orbital cavity
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| contains structure of nose | nasal cavity
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| contains the mouth | buccal cavity
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| the abdominal is divided into regions for the purpose of what? | identification
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| what are the 9 regions | epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric, left/right hypochondriac, left/right lumbar and left/right iliac/inginal.
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| regions on l/r of groin? | iliac/inginal
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| regions on l/r below ribs | hypochondriac
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| regions on l/r bones of spinal cord | lumbar
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| region of lower center(pubic) | hypogastric
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| middle center region by umbilical | umbilical
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| upper center region-above stomach | epigastric
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| sticky semi-fluid that contains water, protein, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals and slats? | cytoplasm
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| outer protective covering of cell and controls whatever enters/leaves the cell? | cell membrane
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| mass within a cytoplasm and controls the center of the cell. It also regulates chemical reaction and mitosis | nucleus
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| it is located within the nucleus | chromosomes
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| humans have how many pairs of chromosomes? | 23 pairs (46)
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| 22 pairs of chromosomes are what? | autosomes
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| the one remaining chromosome pair is? | a sex chromosome
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| chromosome xx = | female
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| chromosome xy = | male
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| chromosome contains? | deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
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| how many genes are in chromosomes | 35,000 to 45,000 genes
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| located in the nucleus? where RNA @ scrambled with proteins to make ribosomes | nucleolus
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| two cylinder shaped organelles-they separate and form specific fibers which attached to the chromosome during mitosis | centrioles
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| serves as a passage way for transportation of materials in and out of nucleus | endoplasmatic reticulum
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| supply the cell with energy | mitochondira
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| stack of membranes = layer. synthesize carbohydrates and combines them with proteins | gogli apporates
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| serve as center of cellular digestion | lysosomes
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| pocket like formation, used to transport large particles into a cell | pinocytic vesicles
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| the process whereby gas, liquid or solid molecules distributes themselves through a medium? | diffusion
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| process of diffusion of water or solvent through a selected permeable membrane | osmosis
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| osmatic characteristics of solutions are classified by their effect on? | RBC
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| same concentration of salt found in RBC | isotonic
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| lower concentration of salt than RBC | hypotonic
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| higher concentration of salt than RBC | hypertonic
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| movement of solutions and water across a semiperable membrane as a result of force | filtration
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| is movement across on area of low concentration to an area higher concentration | active transport
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| cell eating | phagocytosis
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