Exam 17: Intro to Cancer (Key Terms)
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Cancer | a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells that can result in death if not detected and controlled.
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Carcinoma | a malignant growth composed of epithelial (covering layer of the internal and external surfaces of the body) cells that tend to spread to other areas of the body.
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Carcinogen | Any cancer-producing substance.
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Carcinogenesis | The process by which normal cells are transformed into cancer cells.
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Benign | not malignant, not recurrent, not spreading, favorable for recovery
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malignant | Tending to become progressively worse, resistant to treatment, tending to spread and result in death.
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Metastasis | The process by which tumor cells are spread to distant parts of the body, from a primary site to a secondary site.
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Alopecia | Hair loss due to destruction of hair follicles.
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Autologus | Something having its origin within an individual, especially a factor present in tissues or fluids.
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Biopsy | removal of a small piece of tissue from an organ or other part of the body for microscopic examination, used to confirm or establish a diagnosis, establish a prognosis, or follow the course of a disease.
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Differentiated | Most like the parent tissue.
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Immunosurveillance | The immune system's recognition and destruction of newly developed abnormal cells.
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Leukopenia | Reduction in the number of circulating white blood cells due to depression of the bone marrow.
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Neoplasm | Uncontrolled or abnormal growth of cells.
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Oncology | The sum of knowledge regarding tumors, the study of cancer
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Palliation | Therapy designed to relieve or reduce intensity of uncomfortable symptoms: does not produce a cure.
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Papanicolaou ("Pap") Smear | a means of studying cells that the body has shed during the normal sequence of growth and replacement of body tissue, if cancerous is present, cancer cells also shed; commonly used in pelvic examinations to detect cancer in women.
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Sarcoma | Malignant tumors of connective tissues, such as muscle or bone, presents as painless swelling.
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Stomatitis | Mouth Inflammation caused by destruction of normal cells in the oral cavity.
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Thrombocytopenia | Reduction in the number of circulating platelets due to the suppression of the bone marrow.
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Tumorlysis Syndrome | An oncologic emergency that occurs with rapid lysis (breakdown) of malignant cells.
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