7-25 abdominal 1
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| What anchors the liver to the abdominal wall? | Falciform ligament
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| What is the greater omentum? | Fatty apron used for cushion and protection; also seals off infections and causes adhesions
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| What anchors the small intestine to the posterior wall? | Mesentery
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| Where is the lesser omentum found? | Liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach
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| What is the pathway for the greater omentum? | Greater curvature then goes down then back up and attaches to the transverse colon
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| What muscle is found near the pharynx and esophagus? | Inferior pharyngeal constrictor
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| What provides sympathetic innervation to the esohpagus? | Sympathetic trunk
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| What type of muscles make up the esophagus? | Skeletal and smooth
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| What vertebral level is the esophageal hiatus found? | T10
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| Where are hiatal hernias and GERD found? | Where the diaphragm and internal esophageal sphincter empty into stomach
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| What is the blood supply to the esophagus? | Esophageal branches from thoracic aorta
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| What increases nutrient absorption? | Smaller pieces of food, rugae (increases surface area)
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| What is the major function of the stomach? | Mix and breakdown ingested food
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| What is chyme? | Mix of ingested foodand gastric juices
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| Where is the lesser curvature found? | Between liver and stomach
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| What is the blood supply to the lesser curvature? | Left and right gastric arteries and veins
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| Where is the greater curvature found? | Between stomach and transverse colon
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| What is the blood supply to the greater curvature? | Left and right gastro-omental arteries and veins
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| What does the pyloric sphincter do? | Helps further break down food by not allowing large pieces to move on to the duodenum
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| What are the three main branches of the aorta that supply this area? | Celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery
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| What are the three branches from the celiac trunk? | Left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries
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| What are the two branches of the common hepatic artery? | Gastroduodenal and proper hepatic
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| What are the two branches of the proper hepatic? | Right and left hepatic arteries
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| What usually branches off the right hepatic artery? | Cystic artery
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| What does the superior mesenteric branch into? | Ileocolic, right colic, and midde colic arteries
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| What does the inferior mesenteric artery branch into? | Left colic, sigmoid, and superior rectal arteries
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| What is the major site for absorption of nutrients? | Duodenum
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| What is the blood supply to the duodenum? | Gastroduodenal and pancreatic arteries
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| Where do nutrients continued to be absorped? | Jejunum
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| What is the blood supply to the jejunum? | Superior mesenteric artery
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| Where is nurtient pretty much done at? | Ileum
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| What is the blood supply to the ileum? | Superior mesenteric artery
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| As you go from proximal jejunum to terminal ileum, what changes? | Less folds in the lumen so less absorption
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| What are the three distinguishing features of the large intestine? | Haustra, tineae coli, omental appendages
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| What is the large intestine's job? | Reabsorp water and compact waste
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| What are the six parts of the large intestine? | Cecum, ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colons, and rectum
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| What arteries supply the large intestine? | Superior and inferior mesenteric arteries
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| What does parasympathetic innervation to the large intestine? | Vagus (to left colic flexure) and pelvic splanchnics (S2-S4, after left colic flexure)
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| What are the fat tabs on the large intestine called? | Omental appendages
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| What kind of blood does the portal vein carry? | Oxygen poor, nutrient rich, can be toxic
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