Vocabulary ch.12 Respiratory System
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| adenoids | collection of lymph tissue in the nasopharynx; also called pharyngeal tonsils
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| alveolus | air sac in the lung
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| apex of the lung | uppermost portion of the lung
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| base of the lung | lower portion of the lung
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| bronchioles | smallest branches of the bronchi
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| bronchus | branch of the trachea that is a passageway into the air spaces of the lung; bronchial tube
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| carbon dioxide | a gas produced by body cells when oxygen and food combine; exhaled through the lungs
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| cilia | thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract
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| diaphragm | muscles separating the chest and abdomen. most important muscle for breathing
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| epiglottis | lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing
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| exipration | breathing out
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| glottis | opening to the larynx
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| hilum (of lung) | midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs
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| inspiration | breathing in
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| larynx | voice box
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| lobe | division of a lung
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| mediastinum | region between the lungs in the chest cavity, contains trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus, bronchial tubes
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| oxygen | gas that passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells
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| palatine tonsil | one of a pair of almond-shapes masses of lymphoid tissue in the oropharynx
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| paranasal sinus | one of the air cavities in the bones near the nose
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| parietal pleura | the outer fold of pleura lying closest to the ribs and wall of the thoracic cavity
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| pharynx | throat, composed of the nasopharynx and laryngopharynx
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| pleura | double-folded membrane surrounding each lunch
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| pleural cavity | space between the folds of the pleura
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| pulmonary parenchyma | the essential cells of the lung, those performing its main function; the air sacs and small bronchioles
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| trachea | windpipe
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| visceral pleura | the inner fold of pleura lying closest to the lung tissue
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