Phlebotomy Essentials Ch 3
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| BBP | Term applied to infectious microorganisms in blood and other body fluids
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| biohazard | Anything harmful or potentially harmful to health
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| CDC | Federal agency charged with the investigation and control of certain diseases
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| chain of infection | A series of components or events that lead to an infrection
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| engineering controls | Devices that isolate or remove a workplace BBP hazard
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| EPA | Federal agency that regulates the disposal of hazardous waste
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| fire tetrahedron | Chemistry of fire representation
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| fomites | Inanimate objects that can harbor material containing infectious agents
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| HAI | Infection associated with a healthcare facility
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| HazCom | OSHA standard requiring employers to maintain documentation on hazardous chemicals
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| HBV | Hepatitis B Virus
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| HCV | Hepatitis C Virus
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| HICPAC | Federal organization that advises the CDC on nosocomial infection prevention guidelines
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| HIV | Virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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| immune | protected from or resistant to a particular disease or infection
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| infectious/causative agent | Pathogen responsible for causing an infection
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| isolation procedures | Procedures that separate patients with certain transmissible infections from others
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| microbe | short for microorganism
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| MSDS | Contains general, precautionary and emergency information for a hazardous product
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| neutropenic | having an abnormally low neutrophil count
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| NIOSH | Federal agency that recommends ways to prevent work-related injury
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| nosocomial infection | Infection acquired in a hospital
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| OSHA | federal agency that mandates and enforces safe working conditions for employees
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| parenteral | any route other than the digestive tract
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| pathogenic | capable of causing disease
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| pathogens | microorganisms capable of causing disease
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| percutaneous | through the skin
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| permucosal | through mucous membranes
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| reverse isolation | protects a patient who is highly susceptible to infection
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| standard precautions | precautions to be used in caring for all patients. Treating all blood and body fluids as potentailly infectious. First tier in Isolation Precautions
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| susceptible host | individual who has little resistance to an infectious agent
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| transmission-based precautions | precautions that reduce the riske of airborne, droplet, or contact transmission
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| vector transmission | transmission of an infectious agent by an insect, anthropod, or animal
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| vehicle transmission | transmission of an infectious agent through contaminated food, water, drugs, or blood
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| work place controls | practices that alter how tasks are performed to reduce the likelihood of BBP exposure
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| AFB culture | Acid Fast Bacillus (m. tuberculosis)
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| Alcohol based hand sanitizer MAY be used only if | hands are not visibly contaminated
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| examples of engineering controls | sharps container, self-sheathing needles, eyewash station
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| Best defense agains HBV is | HBV vaccination
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| control an external hemorrhage by: | applying firm direct pressure on the wound
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| If splashed in the eye, flush with water for | 15 minutes
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| Wear an N95 respirator when the patient has: | TB
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| The test for TB | PPD
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| reservoir | The sourceof an infectious agent (place where the microbe can survive , grow or multiply
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| exit pathway | a way an infectious agent is able to leave a reservoir host
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| hand hygiene | one of the most important means of preventing the spread of infection
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| If mucous membrane exposure (mouth, eyes,nose): | Flush the site with wter or sterile saline for a minimum of 10 minutes
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| For surface decontamination in laboratory specimen collection and processing areas use: | 1:10 bleach solution
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| First Aid for Shock | Maintain an open airway, Call for assistance, Keep victim lying down with the head lower than the rest of the body, attempt to control bleeding (or other cause of shock), keep victim warm
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| Back injuries | Accounts for 20% of all workplace injuries and illnesses
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| Most frequently occuring lab-aquired infection | HBV
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