Thalamus and Hypothalamus
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| gray matter | type of matter within the nervous system consisting mainly of somas
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| thalamus | "gateway to the cortex", sorts all sensory information (except smell) before sending it on to the cerebral cortex
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| massa intermedia | connects the two thalami together, also known as the intermediate mass
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| nucleus/nuclei | a group of somas in the central nervous system (CNS)
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| ventral posterior lateral nucleus | receives all sensory info from skin and decides what to send onward to the parietal lobes, found in the thalamus
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| medial geniculate nucleus | receives all auditory info and decides what to send onward to the temporal lobes, found in the thalamus
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| lateral geniculate nucleus | receives all visual info and decides what to send onward to the occipital lobes, found in the thalamus
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| hypothalamus | lies below the thalamus and maintains homeostasis
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| hypo- | prefix that means below
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| pituitary gland | endocrine gland that hangs below the hypothalamus, also known as the hypophysis
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| infundibulum | stalk-like structure that connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus
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| mammillary bodies | nuclei found on the ventral (belly side) of the hypothalamus that receives all olfactory info and decides what to send onward to the temporal lobes
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| viscera | means organs
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| homeostasis | internal happiness, body is trying to maintain balance
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| osmoreceptors | special neurons of the hypothalamus that monitor the water concentration of the blood
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| supraoptic nucleus | specific nucleus of hypothalamus that communicates with the osmoreceptors and the pituitary gland
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| ADH | antidiuretic hormone produced by the pituitary gland, targets the kidneys and the kidneys do not absorb water from the blood
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| suprachiasmatic nucleus | specific nucleus of the hypothalamus that regulates the sleep/wake cycle by communicating with the pineal gland
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| pineal gland | endocrine gland that secretes melatonin
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| melatonin | hormone that prepares your body for sleep
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| dopamine | neurotransmitter that controls your pleasure circuit, why you feel satisfied after eating something you enjoy
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| olfactory | refers to sense of smell
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| leptin | hormone produced by adipocytes (fat cells) that targets the hypothalamus to regulate our appetite
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Created by:
smonahan
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