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Monahan:Diencephalon
Thalamus and Hypothalamus
| Vocabulary | Definition |
|---|---|
| gray matter | type of matter within the nervous system consisting mainly of somas |
| thalamus | "gateway to the cortex", sorts all sensory information (except smell) before sending it on to the cerebral cortex |
| massa intermedia | connects the two thalami together, also known as the intermediate mass |
| nucleus/nuclei | a group of somas in the central nervous system (CNS) |
| ventral posterior lateral nucleus | receives all sensory info from skin and decides what to send onward to the parietal lobes, found in the thalamus |
| medial geniculate nucleus | receives all auditory info and decides what to send onward to the temporal lobes, found in the thalamus |
| lateral geniculate nucleus | receives all visual info and decides what to send onward to the occipital lobes, found in the thalamus |
| hypothalamus | lies below the thalamus and maintains homeostasis |
| hypo- | prefix that means below |
| pituitary gland | endocrine gland that hangs below the hypothalamus, also known as the hypophysis |
| infundibulum | stalk-like structure that connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus |
| mammillary bodies | nuclei found on the ventral (belly side) of the hypothalamus that receives all olfactory info and decides what to send onward to the temporal lobes |
| viscera | means organs |
| homeostasis | internal happiness, body is trying to maintain balance |
| osmoreceptors | special neurons of the hypothalamus that monitor the water concentration of the blood |
| supraoptic nucleus | specific nucleus of hypothalamus that communicates with the osmoreceptors and the pituitary gland |
| ADH | antidiuretic hormone produced by the pituitary gland, targets the kidneys and the kidneys do not absorb water from the blood |
| suprachiasmatic nucleus | specific nucleus of the hypothalamus that regulates the sleep/wake cycle by communicating with the pineal gland |
| pineal gland | endocrine gland that secretes melatonin |
| melatonin | hormone that prepares your body for sleep |
| dopamine | neurotransmitter that controls your pleasure circuit, why you feel satisfied after eating something you enjoy |
| olfactory | refers to sense of smell |
| leptin | hormone produced by adipocytes (fat cells) that targets the hypothalamus to regulate our appetite |
Created by:
smonahan
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