History Chapter 1-19
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| artifacts | show 🗑
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| show | To move from one location to another
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| show | A way of life shared by people with similar arts, beliefs, and customs
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| civilization | show 🗑
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| show | The practice of bringing water to crops
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| show | Early Native Americans who built large earthen structures
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| show | The use of tools and knowledge to meet human needs
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| show | A type of society in which ancestry is traced through the mother
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| Deganawida | show 🗑
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| Iroquois League | show 🗑
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| Ghana | show 🗑
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| Islam | show 🗑
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| show | A period characterized by feudalism and the manor system
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| feudalism | show 🗑
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| show | A series of wars to capture the Holy Lands launched by Europeans in 1096
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| show | A time of increased interest in art and learning
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| show | A machine that mechanically prints pages, invented by Johannes Gutenberg about 1455
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| Reformation | show 🗑
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| show | A person who plans the course of a ship by using instruments to find its position
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| Christopher Columbus | show 🗑
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| missionary | show 🗑
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| mercantilism | show 🗑
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| show | An explorer who set out in 1501 for a sea route to Asia, but instead came to a land that was later named for him, America
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| conquistadors | show 🗑
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| Hernando Corts | show 🗑
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| show | The Aztec emperor who governed much of Mexico when the Spanish arrived looking for wealth
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| Henry Hudson | show 🗑
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| John Cabot | show 🗑
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| Spanish Armada | show 🗑
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| show | A Quebec colony that grew out of a fur-trading post established by the French explorer Samuel de Champlain
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| show | A grant of Native American labor to the Spanish colonists in the Americas
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| haciendas | show 🗑
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| mission | show 🗑
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| plantation | show 🗑
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| Columbian Exchange | show 🗑
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| slavery | show 🗑
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| show | The forced removal of Africans from their homelands to serve as slave labor in the Americas
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| show | The part of the triangular trade route that brought captured Africans from Africa to the Americas
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| show | Laws passed by the Spanish government to prevent slave rebellion and to regulate the treatment of slaves
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| racism | show 🗑
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| show | A business or project organized by investors who pool their wealth in order to turn a profit
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| show | A written contract issued by a government giving the holder the right to establish a colony
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| show | The first permanent English settlement in North America
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| John Smith | show 🗑
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| show | A person who sold his or her labor in exchange for passage to America
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| show | Created in 1619, the first representative assembly in the American colonies
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| Bacon's Rebellion | show 🗑
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| show | A group that rejected the Church of England, sailed to the Americas, and founded the Plymouth colony in 1620
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| Mayflower Compact | show 🗑
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| show | These Church of England reformists sailed to the Americas to escape ill treatment from James I
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| Great Migration | show 🗑
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| show | Laws written in 1639 by a Puritan colony in Connecticut that expanded the idea of representative government
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| show | He set up a colony in Rhode Island that guaranteed religious freedom and the separation of church and state.
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| show | She challenged church authority in Massachusetts, was brought to trial, and fled to Rhode Island in 1638.
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| show | A 1675-1676 war between the Puritan colonists and the Native Americans over land ownership
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| show | Governor of the Dutch colony of New Netherland, he gave up the city of New Amsterdam to the British in 1664.
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| show | A colony with a single owner-for example, New Netherland when the Duke of York drove out the Dutch
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| show | A wealthy Englishman who created a colony for Quakers in America with land given to him by King Charles II
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| show | A religious group with neither ministers nor bibles, who treated Native Americans fairly and welcomed diversity
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| royal colony | show 🗑
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| show | The far western region of the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies that ran along the Appalachian Mountains
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| show | A farm that produces only enough food for a family to eat and trade
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| triangular trade | show 🗑
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| show | Laws passed by Parliament, beginning in 1651, to ensure that England made money from its American colonies' trade
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| smuggle | show 🗑
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| show | A crop grown by a farmer to be sold rather than for personal use
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| show | A mill in which grain is ground to produce flour or meal
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| show | A variety of people
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| show | A craftsperson, such as a weaver or a potter, who makes goods by hand
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| show | A westward-bound produce vehicle with wide wheels, a curved bed, and a canvas cover
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| show | A plant grown in the Southern colonies that yields a deep blue dye
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| show | Supervisor of her father's South Carolina plantation at age 17, she introduced indigo as a successful crop
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| William Byrd II | show 🗑
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| show | A worker hired by a planter to watch over and direct the work of slaves
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| show | A 1739 uprising of slaves in South Carolina, which led to the tightening of already harsh slave laws
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| show | A mountain range that stretches from eastern Canada south to Alabama
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| show | The point at which a waterfall prevents large boats from moving farther upriver
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| piedmont | show 🗑
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| show | A large group of families that claim a common ancestor
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| show | A deerskin that was a unit of value, or money, in the Backcountry
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| show | A beginner who learns a trade or a craft from an experienced master
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| Great Awakening | show 🗑
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| Jonathan Edwards | show 🗑
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| George Whitefield | show 🗑
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| Enlightenment | show 🗑
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| Benjamin Franklin | show 🗑
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| show | An English philosopher who argued that people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property
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| Magna Carta | show 🗑
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| Parliament | show 🗑
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| Edmund Andros | show 🗑
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| show | The overthrow of English King James II in 1688 and his replacement by William and Mary
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| English Bill of Rights | show 🗑
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| show | A hands-off policy of England towards its American colonies during the first half of the 1700s
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| John Peter Zenger | show 🗑
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| French and Indian War | show 🗑
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| Albany Plan of Union | show 🗑
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| Battle of Quebec | show 🗑
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| show | Treaty that gave North America east of the Mississippi River to Britain and ended French power in North America
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| show | A 1763 revolt by Native Americans against British forts and American settlers who were moving onto their land
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| show | An order in which Britain prohibited its American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
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| King George III | show 🗑
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| Quartering Act | show 🗑
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| Stamp Act | show 🗑
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| show | A member of the Virginia House of Burgesses who called for resistance to the British-imposed stamp tax
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| Sons of Liberty | show 🗑
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| writ of assistance | show 🗑
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| Samuel Adams | show 🗑
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| show | In 1770, a violent fight between British soldiers and colonists where five colonists were killed
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| committees of correspondence | show 🗑
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| show | A 1773 protest of the Tea Act where colonists dumped 342 chests of tea into a harbor
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| show | A force of armed civilians who pledged to defend their community during the American Revolution
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| Intolerable Acts | show 🗑
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| show | A 1774 meeting of delegates from all colonies except Georgia to uphold colonial rights
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| Lexington and Concord | show 🗑
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| show | Term for American colonist who supported the British in the American Revolution
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| show | Term for American colonist who sided with the rebels in the American Revolution
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| show | Cannons or large guns
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| show | May, 1775 assembly that authorized the Continental Army and approved the Declaration of Independence
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| show | The 1776 document in which the colonies declared independence from Britain
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| show | A respected political leader and thinker who was chosen to write the Declaration of Independence
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| show | Commander of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War and the first president of the United States
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| show | A professional solder hired to fight for a foreign country
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| strategy | show 🗑
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| show | A prearranged meeting, often an assembly point for troops
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| Battles of Saratoga | show 🗑
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| ally | show 🗑
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| Marquis de Lafayette | show 🗑
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| bayonet | show 🗑
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| show | Camp where Washington's army suffered from cold and hunger; became a symbol of the hardships of the War
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| desert | show 🗑
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| privateer | show 🗑
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| John Paul Jones | show 🗑
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| show | British general who fought in the South during the Revolutionary War and who surrendered in1781
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| guerrillas | show 🗑
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| show | A person morally opposed to war
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| Battle of Yorktown | show 🗑
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| show | The treaty that ended the Revolutionary War, confirmed the independence of the U.S., and set its boundaries
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| show | The belief in a government in which decisions are made by elected or appointed officials
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| show | In 1781 she helped to end slavery in Massachusetts by suing for her freedom in court and winning
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| show | Preacher who helped start the Free African Society; founded the first African Methodist Episcopal Church
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| Wilderness Road | show 🗑
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| republic | show 🗑
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| Articles of Confederation | show 🗑
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| tyranny | show 🗑
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| show | Legislation that divided the land west of the Appalachian Mountains into six-square-mile plots
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| show | Region northwest of the Ohio River; Congress divided land into sections and sold them to settlers
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| Northwest Ordinance | show 🗑
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| Shays's Rebellion | show 🗑
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| show | A meeting held in 1787 to consider changes to the Articles of Confederation
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| James Madison | show 🗑
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| show | A proposed plan for a national government that called for three branches and a two-house legislature
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| New Jersey Plan | show 🗑
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| show | An agreement to establish a two-house legislature with different forms of representation
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| show | An agreement to count three-fifths of the slave population for determining representation and taxation
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| federalism | show 🗑
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| show | People in favor of the Constitution; believed in shared power between national and state governments
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| Antifederalists | show 🗑
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| The Federalist papers | show 🗑
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| George Mason | show 🗑
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| show | The first ten amendments to the Constitution that consist of a formal list of citizens' rights and freedoms
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| show | To swear in or to induct into office
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| judiciary | show 🗑
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| show | Passed by Congress to create a court system, including a six-member Supreme Court and lower federal courts
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| show | Group of president-appointed heads of departments; created by Congress to help the president
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| tariff | show 🗑
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| national bank | show 🗑
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| show | The 1794 clash over the Northwest Territory in which the federal army defeated the Native Americans
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| Treaty of Greenville | show 🗑
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| show | Farmers' protest of the government's tax on whiskey, a product vital to the economy of the backcountry
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| French Revolution | show 🗑
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| neutral | show 🗑
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| Jay's Treaty | show 🗑
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| Pinckney's Treaty | show 🗑
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| show | Relations with governments of other countries
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| show | An organization that promotes its ideas, influences government, and elects candidates for office
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| Federalist Party | show 🗑
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| show | Group that supported a limited national government and strict construction of the Constitution
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| show | A 1797 incident in which French officials demanded a bribe from U.S. diplomats
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| show | A series of four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants to the United States
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| show | Theory that claimed that states had rights that the federal government could not violate
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| radical | show 🗑
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| show | Supreme Court Chief Justice appointed in 1801; upheld federal authority and strengthened federal courts
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| show | An 1803 Supreme Court case that established judicial review
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| unconstitutional | show 🗑
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| show | The principal that the Supreme Court has the final say in interpreting the Constitution
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| show | President Jefferson's 1803 purchase of territory from France that doubled the size of the United States
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| Meriwether Lewis | show 🗑
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| show | Corps of Discovery officer who selected the expedition team; a diplomat, map-maker, fort-builder, artist
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| Lewis and Clark expedition | show 🗑
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| Sacagawea | show 🗑
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| show | Explorer of the southern part of the Louisiana Territory, the Rocky Mountains, and the Great Plains
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| show | Between 1803 and 1812, British policy of seizing American sailors by force to serve in the military
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| Embargo Act of 1807 | show 🗑
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| Tecumseh | show 🗑
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| show | Term for a westerner who called for and supported the War of 1812
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| War of 1812 | show 🗑
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| show | Officer who led the U.S. to its most important naval victory during the War of 1812, on Lake Erie
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| Battle of the Thames | show 🗑
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| Francis Scott Key | show 🗑
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| Treaty of Ghent | show 🗑
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| show | A 1789 immigrant from England who built the first successful water-powered textile mill in America
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| Industrial Revolution | show 🗑
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| show | A method of production that brought many workers and machines together into one building
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| Lowell Mills | show 🗑
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| show | A machine part that is exactly like another part
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| Robert Fulton | show 🗑
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| show | Inventor of the telegraph, a machine that uses electricity along a wire to send messages over long distances
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| steel plow | show 🗑
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| Eli Whitney | show 🗑
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| show | A machine invented in 1793 that cleaned cotton much faster and far more efficiently than human workers
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| show | A religious folk song, often created and sung by African Americans
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| show | Leader of an 1831 armed revolt against slavery in Virginia
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| show | Feeling of pride, loyalty, and protectiveness toward one's country
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| Henry Clay | show 🗑
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| show | A plan introduced in 1815 to make the United States economically self-sufficient
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| show | Completed in 1825, this waterway connected New York City and Buffalo, New York, improving U.S. transportation
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| show | He won the presidential election of 1816 as a Democratic-Republican, helped by the rise in nationalism
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| show | Loyalty to the interests of one's own region above loyalty to the interests of the nation as a whole
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| Missouri Compromise | show 🗑
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| show | A policy of U.S. opposition to any European interference in the Western Hemisphere, announced in 1823
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| show | New England's choice for president in the fiercely disputed race of 1824, he became the sixth U.S. president
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| show | A military hero, candidate in the 1824 presidential election, and winner of the 1828 presidential election
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| show | The idea of spreading political power to all the people, thereby ensuring majority rule
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| spoils system | show 🗑
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| Sequoya | show 🗑
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| show | An 1830 act that gave the government power to negotiate treaties to force Native Americans to relocate west
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| show | Present-day Oklahoma and parts of Kansas and Nebraska to which Native Americans were sent under U.S. treaties
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| Trail of Tears | show 🗑
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| John C. Calhoun | show 🗑
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| show | An 1828 law that upset Southerners by raising the tariffs on raw materials and manufactured goods
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| show | The right of a state to reject a federal law that it considers unconstitutional
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| Webster-Hayne debate | show 🗑
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| Daniel Webster | show 🗑
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| show | Term for a state's withdrawal from the Union
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| inflation | show 🗑
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| show | Vice-president to Andrew Jackson and elected president in 1836, he inherited Jackson's puffed-up prosperity
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| show | A time when economic fears prompted people to demand that banks exchange their paper money for gold and silver
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| show | A severe economic slump
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| show | Political party formed to oppose Jackson's policies and the political power held by the chief executive
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| William Henry Harrison | show 🗑
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| mountain man | show 🗑
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| show | A person who buys land at low prices hoping to sell it in small sections at high prices
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| Santa Fe Trail | show 🗑
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| show | A trail settlers used to migrate west-from Missouri to the territory west of the Rockies and north of California
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| Mormon | show 🗑
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| Stephen Austin | show 🗑
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| Tejano | show 🗑
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| show | Mexican president and general who governed the Texas colony and fought to keep it under Mexican rule
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| Sam Houston | show 🗑
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| show | An 1836 battle in which 183 Texans and 25 Tejanos lost to a Mexican army of thousands after 12 days of fighting
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| Lone Star Republic | show 🗑
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| James K. Polk | show 🗑
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| manifest destiny | show 🗑
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| show | The 1846 rebellion by Americans against Mexican rule in California
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| Treaty of Guadalupe de Hidalgo | show 🗑
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| show | A vast region given up by Mexico in 1848, including three present-day western states and parts of four more
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| forty-niner | show 🗑
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| Californio | show 🗑
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| John Sutter | show 🗑
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| California gold rush | show 🗑
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| show | A person who settles in a new country
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| show | The deck on a ship where immigrants found cheap passage and deplorable conditions
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| push-pull factors | show 🗑
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| show | A severe food shortage
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| show | A negative opinion of a group of people, not based on facts
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| nativists | show 🗑
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| romanticism | show 🗑
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| show | A 19th-century philosophy that taught that the spiritual world is more important than the physical world
🗑
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| show | Peacefully refusing to obey laws one considers unjust
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| show | A meeting designed to reawaken religious faith
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| Second Great Awakening | show 🗑
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| temperance movement | show 🗑
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| labor union | show 🗑
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| show | To stop work; a strategy workers use to force employers to meet their labor demands
🗑
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| show | The movement to end slavery
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| show | Public speaker and lecturer for the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society; he published an autobiography of his slave experiences
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| show | An abolitionist speaker who drew huge crowds and who won a court battle to regain her son from slavery
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| show | A series of escape routes used by slaves heading to the North from the South
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| Seneca Falls Convention | show 🗑
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| show | The right to vote
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| show | An 1846 proposal that outlawed slavery in any territory gained from the War with Mexico
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| Free-Soil Party | show 🗑
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| Stephen A. Douglas | show 🗑
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| Compromise of 1850 | show 🗑
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| show | A novel published by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852 that portrayed slavery as brutal and immoral
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| show | An 1850 law passed to help slaveholders recapture runaway slaves
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| popular sovereignty | show 🗑
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| show | An 1854 law that established the Kansas and Nebraska territories and designated them as open to a vote on slavery
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| John Brown | show 🗑
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| "Bleeding Kansas" | show 🗑
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| show | The political party formed in 1854 by the Northern Whigs and other opponents of slavery in the territories
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| John C. Frmont | show 🗑
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| Dred Scott v. Sandford | show 🗑
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| Abraham Lincoln | show 🗑
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| show | Site of a federal arsenal in Virginia that was captured in 1859 during an antislavery revolt led by John Brown
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| show | A political party's statement of beliefs
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| show | To withdraw, as a state from the Union
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| show | The alliance formed in 1861 by the Southern states after their secession from the Union
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| show | Chosen president of the Confederacy
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| Crittenden Plan | show 🗑
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| Abraham Lincoln | show 🗑
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| civil war | show 🗑
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| the Union | show 🗑
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| show | South Carolina fort under federal control that was attacked by the South, marking the start of the Civil War
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| show | Virginia resident, talented military leader, and commanding general of the Army of Northern Virginia
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| show | Term for Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri-slave states that bordered free states and did not secede from the Union
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| show | A term coined to show that Southern cotton was important to the world market and to the Southern economy
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| Anaconda Plan | show 🗑
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| show | When armed forces prevent the transportation of goods or people into or out of an area
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|
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| show | An 1861 battle of the Civil War in which the South shocked the North with a victory
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| show | Conditions and practices that promote health
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| show | Number of people killed or injured
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| rifle | show 🗑
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| mini ball | show 🗑
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| ironclad | show 🗑
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| show | Victorious Civil War general in the West who became commander of Union armies in 1864 and president in 1869
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| Battle of Shiloh | show 🗑
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| show | Soldiers on horseback
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| show | An 1862 week-long battle in which the Confederacy saved the Southern capital, Richmond, from Union troops
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| show | The bloodiest battle of the Civil War, in which neither side advanced, but 25,000 men were killed or wounded
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| show | The first American president to be assassinated
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| Frederick Douglass | show 🗑
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| Emancipation Proclamation | show 🗑
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| show | One of the first African-American regiments organized to fight for the Union in the Civil War
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| Jefferson Davis | show 🗑
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| Copperheads | show 🗑
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| conscription | show 🗑
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| bounty | show 🗑
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| income tax | show 🗑
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| greenbacks | show 🗑
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| Clara Barton | show 🗑
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| show | An 1863 Civil War battle in which the Union victory ended Lee's hopes for a Confederate victory in the North
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| show | A failed, deadly, direct attack on Union troops led by General Pickett during the Battle of Gettysburg
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|
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| show | Union general who won important victories in the West, opening up the Mississippi River for travel deep into the South
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| show | He lost Richmond, the Confederate capital, to General Grant on April 3, 1865 after a 10-month siege.
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|
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| show | An 1863 Union victory in Mississippi, in a town that was the last Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River
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|
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| show | President Lincoln's 1863 speech to dedicate a cemetery; in it he said we are a nation where "all men are created equal"
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|
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| William Tecumseh Sherman | show 🗑
|
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| Appomattox Court House | show 🗑
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| Thirteenth Amendment | show 🗑
|
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| show | Congressmen who supported using federal power to rebuild the South and give African Americans full citizenship
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|
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| Reconstruction | show 🗑
|
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| show | Federal agency set up to help former slaves after the Civil War
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|
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| Andrew Johnson | show 🗑
|
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| show | Laws passed by Southern states that limited the freedom of former slaves
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|
||||
| show | Rights granted to all citizens
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|
||||
| Fourteenth Amendment | show 🗑
|
||||
| scalawags | show 🗑
|
||||
| carpetbaggers | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The process of accusing a public official of wrongdoing, or improper conduct, while in office
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|
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| show | A school set up to educate newly freed African Americans
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|
||||
| contract system | show 🗑
|
||||
| sharecropping | show 🗑
|
||||
| Ku Klux Klan | show 🗑
|
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| show | To kill a person as punishment for a supposed crime, without a trial
🗑
|
||||
| Robert B. Elliott | show 🗑
|
||||
| Ulysses S. Grant | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | An 1870 amendment that said reasons of race, color, or servitude could not keep voting rights from citizens
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|
||||
| show | Financial crisis in which banks closed and the stock market collapsed
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|
||||
| Compromise of 1877 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Unsettled or sparsely settled area of North America occupied largely by Native Americans
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|
||||
| show | A town that has a sudden burst of economic or population growth
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|
||||
| long drive | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The first cowhand, who came from Mexico with the Spaniards in the 1500s
🗑
|
||||
| show | A person willing to take the law into his or her own hands
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|
||||
| show | Land set aside by the U.S. government for Native American tribes
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|
||||
| show | An 1864 attack in which more than 150 Cheyenne men, women, and children were killed by the Colorado militia
🗑
|
||||
| show | An 1876 battle in which Sioux and Cheyenne wiped out an entire force of U.S. troops led by George A. Custer
🗑
|
||||
| Wounded Knee Massacre | show 🗑
|
||||
| Dawes Act | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A piece of land and the house on it
🗑
|
||||
| Mexicano | show 🗑
|
||||
| William "Buffalo Bill" Cody | show 🗑
|
||||
| buffalo soldier | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | An 1862 law that gave 160 acres of land free to anyone who agreed to live on it and improve it for five years
🗑
|
||||
| sodbuster | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Formed in 1867 by farmers to meet farm families' social needs and led to formation of the economic cooperative
🗑
|
||||
| show | Also called the People's Party, formed by farm groups in the 1890s to get policies that would raise crop prices
🗑
|
||||
| gold standard | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Congressman who fought for reform and ran for president with the support of the Populists and the Democrats
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Popular U.S. History sets