History Alive! The Ancient World ©2004 TCI
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| Who led Athens to rebuild? | Pericles
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| When was Athens the artistic and cultural center of Greece? | 479 - 431 B.C.E.
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| What is an agora? | the public meeting place in the center of a Greek city
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| What is an acropolis? | the hill above a Greek city upon which temples were built
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| What is the Pantheon? | the temple honoring the goddess Athena, built on the acropolis above Athens
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| How tall were most Athens houses? | one story
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| What were most Athens houses made with? | mud bricks
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| How were Athens homes lit? | oil lamps
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| What was the interior of most Athens houses like in winter? | smoky and cold
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| What was the interior of most Athens houses like in summer? | smoky and hot
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| What were the streets between houses in Athens like? | narrow, crooked, and dirty
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| Why did Athens neighborhoods smell bad? | people threw their garbage in the streets
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| What were government building in Athens made with? | stone
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| Why did Athenians believe that Athena had not abandoned the city after the Persians burned it to the ground? | the sacred olive tree sprouted a new leaf from its burnt trunk
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| The temple of Delphi was dedicated to which god? | Apollo
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| Who conveyed the words of Apollo? | the Oracle of Delphi
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| Where was the home of the gods? | Mount Olympus
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| What is a myth? | a traditional story that helps to explain a culture's beliefs
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| Where did Greeks hold their religious ceremonies? | outside
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| What did Greeks build as dwelling places for the gods? | temples
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| What are the three kinds of Greek columns? | Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian
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| Which kind of column had no base and got slimmer toward the top? | Doric
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| Which kind of column sat on a base and had spirals carved in the top? | Ionic
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| Which was the most decorative kind of column, with carvings that looked like leaves at the top? | Corinthian
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| How many columns were along the front and how many along each side of the Parthenon? | 8 and 17
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| What are the triangular areas on the front and back of the Parthenon created by the sloping roofs called? | pediments
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| What is the band of sculptures at the top of the Parthenon called? | frieze
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| What are the sculptures in the frieze called? | metopes
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| What was in the main room of a Greek temple? | a statue of the temple's god or goddess
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| How tall was the statue of Athena in the Parthenon? | 30 feet
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| What was the statue of Athena in the Parthenon made of? | wood covered with ivory, dressed in clothes and decorated with gold
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| What was the first step in making a stone sculpture? | a life-size clay model supported by wooden or metal frames
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| Who was the sculptor who created the statue of Athens in the Parthenon? | Phidias
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| What was added to Greek stone sculptures? | bronze pieces, wax, and bright colored paint
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| What was one of the great achievements of Greek sculptors? | creating lifelike statues
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| What was the main influence of early Greek statues? | Egyptian sculpture
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| What were early Greek sculptures like? | larger-than-life figures that faced front, with their arms held stiffly at their sides
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| What were later Greek sculptures like? | realistic figures in natural poses with detailed muscles, hair, and clothing
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| What was carved on the gold shield on the statue of Athena at the Parthenon? | the faces of Pericles and Phidias
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| Where was drama performed in Athens? | the Theater of Dionysus
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| How many people could the Theater of Dionysus hold? | thousands
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| In Greek drama, what was the name for a group of actors who recited lines that commented on the actions of the characters? | chorus
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| Who were the actors in Greek drama? | men
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| What did Greek actors do to indicate whether they were playing a male or female character; and whether a character was happy or sad? | wore masks
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| What were Greek theaters shaped like? | a bowl
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| Where were Greek theaters built? | in the side of a hill
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| What were the four categories in Greek drama competitions? | tragic playwrights, comic playwrights, leading tragic actor, and leading comic actor
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| What is philosophy? | the search for wisdom or knowledge
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| Who was the greatest philosopher in Athens? | Socrates
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| How did Socrates teach people? | he asked questions
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| What happened when Socrates' enemies accused him or not honoring the gods and misleading young people? | he was put on trial
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| When was Socrates put on trial? | 399 B.C.E.
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| What happened when Socrates went on trial? | he was sentenced to death
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| How did Socrates die? | he drank hemlock
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| Who was Socrates' most famous student? | Plato
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| What festival honored Athena? | the Panathenaea
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| What was the high point of the Panathenaea? | the procession
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| What happened during the procession of the Panathenaea? | Athenians conveyed a new robe for the statue of Athena through the city to the temple
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| What was the Panathenaic event in which men punched, kicked, and even choked each other? | the pancratium
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| When did the pancratium end? | when one fighter surrendered, lost consciousness, or died
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| What were winning athletes in the Panathenaic games given? | a laurel wreath and pots of olive oil
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| What games were played to honor the god Zeus? | the Olympics
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