Medical Cell Biology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Components/character of a cell membrane | Phospholipid bilayer, cholesterol, proteins. Asymmetric
🗑
|
||||
| Membrane lipids | Phosphotidylcholine, phosphotidylserine, phosphotidylethanolamine, phosphotidylinositol, and sphingomyelin
🗑
|
||||
| Membrane lipids found in the outer leaflet | Phosphotidylcholine and sphingomyelin
🗑
|
||||
| Membrane lipids found in the inner leaflet | phosphotidylserine, phosphotidylethanolamine, and phosphotidylinositol
🗑
|
||||
| Which membrane lipid should never be in the outer leafleat | Phosphotidylserien. Unless it is for RBC 120 days break down or for platelet aggregation
🗑
|
||||
| Glycolipids | Made in the Golgi, carbohydrate that is EXCLUSIVELY attached on the outter leaflet, blood group antigen recognition
🗑
|
||||
| Cholesterol | Help maintain structural integrity of plasma membrane at extrem temperature. Less cholesterol = more fluidity. More cholesterol = more rigid.
🗑
|
||||
| Lipid Turnover | Remodelling or repairing damage from endocytosis, exocytosis, oxidative damage, ROS attacking polyunsaturated fatty acids.
🗑
|
||||
| Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) | Hydrolyzes phospholipids into lysophospholipid (LPL). FA + Coenzyme A = FattyCoA. LPL + FattyCoA = New Phospholipid
🗑
|
||||
| PLA2 in arachidonic acid hydrolysis | PLA2 hydrolysis phospholipids --> arachidonic acid. 1) Arachidonic acid --> 5-lipoxygenase --> Leukotrienes 2) Arachidonic acid --> cycloxygenase --> PGH2 --> Prostaglandins and thromboxanes
🗑
|
||||
| What inhibits the COX enzyme? | aspirin
🗑
|
||||
| Phospholipase C | PLC generates DAG for signal transduction. GPCR can activate PLC which then leads to the production of DAG and IP3
🗑
|
||||
| Flippase | ATP dependent. Outer to inner (unity directional)
🗑
|
||||
| Scramblase | ATP independent. Ca+2 activated. Always flip things from inside to outside. Brings PS on the outer surface
🗑
|
||||
| What is the consequence of a non functioning Ca+2 ATpase | Cannot pump out excess Ca. Influx of Ca inside cell will stimulate scramblase. Scramblase will bring PS on the outer leaflet
🗑
|
||||
| Active scramblase + Flippase | minimal PS exposure
🗑
|
||||
| Active scramblase + deactivated flippase | Exposure of PS on outer surface
In case of sickle cell anemia, PS should not be on the outer leaflet. This causes cells to stick together
🗑
|
||||
| Lipid Raft | Region of cell membrane where lipids and proteins enriched. Decreased membrane cholesterol leads to melting of lipid raft
🗑
|
||||
| Lipids | Cholesterol, sphingolipids, sphingomyelin and glycolipids
🗑
|
||||
| Integral Membrane Proteins | Integral membrane proteins don't flip flop. They can either be single pass or multipass
🗑
|
||||
| Single pass integral membrane protein | Membrane spanning region: hydrophobic. Regions in cytosol and outside cell: hydrophilic. Example glycophorin A
🗑
|
||||
| Multi-pass integral membrane proteins | Includes transporters, ion channels. Membrane spanning regions may include polar or charged amino acids. Example Band 3
🗑
|
||||
| Peripheral Membrane Protein | Associated through ionic interaction with an integral or another peripheral membrane protein
🗑
|
||||
| Diffusion | Small, hydrophobic or hydrophilic molecules can diffuse through membrane according to their concentration gradient (N2, O2, EtOH, Urea)
🗑
|
||||
| Osmosis | Water movement (hyperosmotic, hypoosmotic, iso-osmotic)
🗑
|
||||
| Aquaporins | Used for transport of water, leading cause of cataract in children, Integral membrane proteins, Defects can lead to nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, congenital cataracts in children
🗑
|
||||
| Donnan Effect | The presence of large molecules on one side balances the greater concentration of a certain ion on the other side. Na+ moves in, water follows, cell burst.
🗑
|
||||
| How is the Donnan Effect balanced? | Na+/K+ATpase by pumping out 3 Na+ ions and take 2K+
🗑
|
||||
| Facilitated Transport | Facilitated transport is required when molecules are too large.
🗑
|
||||
| GLUT | Facilitated transporter. Used for glucose transport.Pri
🗑
|
||||
| 2 types of Active Transport | Primary and Secondary Active transport
🗑
|
||||
| Primary active transport | Movement of molecules across a membrane against its concentration gradient. Need ATP
🗑
|
||||
| Secondary active transport | Movement of molecule 1 across a membrane using free energy derived from transport of molecules 2 down the electrochemical gradient; co-transport
🗑
|
||||
| Primary Active Transport | Na/K ATPase. Transport 3 Na+ ions out of cell and 2 K+ ions into cell uses 1 ATP.
🗑
|
||||
| Ouabain and digitalis | inhibits Na/K ATPase pump. Increases [Na+] and [Ca2+]. Increases contractile activity
🗑
|
||||
| Symport | Same direction. Example Na/Glucose (or amino acid)
symport (SGLT)
🗑
|
||||
| Antiport | Opposite direction. Example: Na/Ca
🗑
|
||||
| CFTR defect | Accumulation of Cl- ions outside of cell. Sweat test will show elevated level of Cl-
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
jsabangan
Popular Medical sets