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Medical Cell Biology

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Components/character of a cell membrane   show
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show Phosphotidylcholine, phosphotidylserine, phosphotidylethanolamine, phosphotidylinositol, and sphingomyelin  
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Membrane lipids found in the outer leaflet   show
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Membrane lipids found in the inner leaflet   show
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Which membrane lipid should never be in the outer leafleat   show
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show Made in the Golgi, carbohydrate that is EXCLUSIVELY attached on the outter leaflet, blood group antigen recognition  
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show Help maintain structural integrity of plasma membrane at extrem temperature. Less cholesterol = more fluidity. More cholesterol = more rigid.  
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show Remodelling or repairing damage from endocytosis, exocytosis, oxidative damage, ROS attacking polyunsaturated fatty acids.  
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show Hydrolyzes phospholipids into lysophospholipid (LPL). FA + Coenzyme A = FattyCoA. LPL + FattyCoA = New Phospholipid  
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show PLA2 hydrolysis phospholipids --> arachidonic acid. 1) Arachidonic acid --> 5-lipoxygenase --> Leukotrienes 2) Arachidonic acid --> cycloxygenase --> PGH2 --> Prostaglandins and thromboxanes  
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show aspirin  
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Phospholipase C   show
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Flippase   show
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Scramblase   show
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show Cannot pump out excess Ca. Influx of Ca inside cell will stimulate scramblase. Scramblase will bring PS on the outer leaflet  
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show minimal PS exposure  
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show Exposure of PS on outer surface In case of sickle cell anemia, PS should not be on the outer leaflet. This causes cells to stick together  
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Lipid Raft   show
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Lipids   show
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show Integral membrane proteins don't flip flop. They can either be single pass or multipass  
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show Membrane spanning region: hydrophobic. Regions in cytosol and outside cell: hydrophilic. Example glycophorin A  
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show Includes transporters, ion channels. Membrane spanning regions may include polar or charged amino acids. Example Band 3  
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show Associated through ionic interaction with an integral or another peripheral membrane protein  
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Diffusion   show
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Osmosis   show
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Aquaporins   show
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show The presence of large molecules on one side balances the greater concentration of a certain ion on the other side. Na+ moves in, water follows, cell burst.  
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show Na+/K+ATpase by pumping out 3 Na+ ions and take 2K+  
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Facilitated Transport   show
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GLUT   show
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show Primary and Secondary Active transport  
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show Movement of molecules across a membrane against its concentration gradient. Need ATP  
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Secondary active transport   show
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Primary Active Transport   show
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show inhibits Na/K ATPase pump. Increases [Na+] and [Ca2+]. Increases contractile activity  
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show Same direction. Example Na/Glucose (or amino acid) symport (SGLT)  
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Antiport   show
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show Accumulation of Cl- ions outside of cell. Sweat test will show elevated level of Cl-  
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