anatomy chapter 4 tissues
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| epithelial tissue | continuous sheet of tightly packed cells...covers body's surface
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| squamous | flat plate like cells
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| cuboidal | cube shaped and contain more cytoplasm than squamous
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| columnar | higher than they are wide, tall and cylindrical
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| stratified | cells stacked on top of other cells and the upper layers do not touch the basement membrane
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| exocrine glands | secrete their products into ducts
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| endocrine glands | secrete hormones directly into the blood
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| simple squamous epithelium | allows for ready diffusion or filtration because of thinness
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| simple cuboidal epithelium | secretes and absorbs
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| simple columnar epithelium | secretes mucus by goblet cells
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| pseudostratified columnar epithelium | provides protection and secretes mucus
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| stratified squamous epithelium | resists abrasion and penetration by pathogens
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| transitional epithelium | stretches to allow filling or urinary tract
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| connective tissue | the most widespread and most varied of all tissue
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| collagenous fibers | strong and flexible but resist stretching
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| reticular fibers | support small structures such as capillaries
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| elastic fibers | made of protein, can stretch and recoil like a rubber band
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| areolar tissue | connects many adjacent structures in the body
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| adipose tissue | dominated by fat calls, helps insulate the body to conserve heat
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| reticular tissue | consists of loose network or reticular fibers and cells
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| fascia | sheets or bands formed by dense connective tissue
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| hyaline cartilage | forms most of the fetal skeleton
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| elastic cartilage | provides flexible support to the external ear
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| fibrocartilage | forms the discs between the vertebrae and in the knee joint
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| osseous tissue | bone
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| osteocytes | bone cells
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| plasma | liquid matrix of blood
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| blood | transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, wastes from one part of the body to another
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| neurons | the units that cpnduct nervous impulses
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| neuroglia | protect and assist the neurons
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| skeletal muscle | consists of long thin cells called muscle fiber
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| cardiac muscle | found only in the heart
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| smooth muscle | consists of long spindle shaped cells
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| regeneration | occurs when damaged tissue cells are replaced with the same type of cell
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| fibrosis | occurs when damaged tissue cells are replaced with scar tissue
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| mucous membranes | line the body surfaces that open directly to the body's exterior
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| cutaneous membrane | known as the skin...body's largest membrane
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| serous membrane | composed of simple squamous epithelium resting on a thin layer of areolar connective tissue
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| chondrocytes | cartilage forming cells
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| epithelium | layer of cells forming the epidermis of the skin
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| fibroblasts | cells that secrete collagen
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| glandular epithelium | epithelium consisting of glands that secrete particular substance
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| goblet cell | modified columnar cell containing secretory vesicles that produce large quantities of mucus
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| granulation tissue | newly formed tissue inside a wound
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| stem cell | specialized cell that can differentiate into many different types of cells
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| pleural membrane | surrounds each lung and lines the thoracic cavity
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| pericardial membrane | surrounds the heart
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| peritoneal membrane | line the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs
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| synovial membrane | line the spaces between bones
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| parietal membrane | serous membrane that lines the body cavities in one continuous sheet
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| visceral membrane | the part of the membrane that covers the organs
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| mucus | a watery secretion that coats and protects the cells of the membrane
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| axon | a single long nerve fiber in the neuron
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| striated muscle | skeletal muscle or voluntary muscle...striped
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| involuntary muscle | cardiac muscle
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| dense fibrous connective tissue | tendons, ligaments, fascia, dermis of the skin
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| bone | provides support, protection, serves as a calcium reservoir
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| tendons | attach muscle to bone
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| ligaments | attach bone to bone
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| extracellular matrix | allows connective tissue to be diverse
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| loose connective tissue | has stretchable quality
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| basement membrane | underlying connective tissue
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| simple squamous epithelium | alveoli, lining of blood and lymphatic vessels
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| simple cuboidal epithelium | ducts and tubules of many organs, including the kidneys
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| simple columnar epithelium | line the intestines
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| pseudostratified squamous epithelium | lines trachea, large bronchi, and nasal mucosa
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| stratified squamous epithelium | epidermis of the skin, esophagus, vagina
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| transitional epithelium | urinary tract
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| simple epithelia | every cell touches the basement membrane
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| surface tissue | epithelium
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| tissues | simple groups of similar cells that perform a common function
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| epithelial tissue | has no capillaries, gets nutrients from basement membrane
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| simple squamous epithelium | allows gas and fluid exchange
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| epidermis | kertanizing epithelium
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| glands | cells or organs that secrete something
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| multicellular | similar or dissimilar cells that combine secretions
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| cartilage | gets nutrients by diffusion
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| bone | arranged into haversian systems
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| blood | white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets
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| skeletal | attach to bone to move skeleton
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| cardiac | electrical impulses produced in the heart cause cells to contract in unison
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| mucosa | mucous membrane
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| perichondrium | covers cartilage
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| superficial fascia | between skin and muscles
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| deep fascia | covers skeletal muscles, anchors tendons to muscle
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| meninges | cover the brain and spinal cord
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| fibrous pericardium | forms a sac around the heart, lined by parietal pericardium
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