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chp 4 tissues
anatomy chapter 4 tissues
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| epithelial tissue | continuous sheet of tightly packed cells...covers body's surface |
| squamous | flat plate like cells |
| cuboidal | cube shaped and contain more cytoplasm than squamous |
| columnar | higher than they are wide, tall and cylindrical |
| stratified | cells stacked on top of other cells and the upper layers do not touch the basement membrane |
| exocrine glands | secrete their products into ducts |
| endocrine glands | secrete hormones directly into the blood |
| simple squamous epithelium | allows for ready diffusion or filtration because of thinness |
| simple cuboidal epithelium | secretes and absorbs |
| simple columnar epithelium | secretes mucus by goblet cells |
| pseudostratified columnar epithelium | provides protection and secretes mucus |
| stratified squamous epithelium | resists abrasion and penetration by pathogens |
| transitional epithelium | stretches to allow filling or urinary tract |
| connective tissue | the most widespread and most varied of all tissue |
| collagenous fibers | strong and flexible but resist stretching |
| reticular fibers | support small structures such as capillaries |
| elastic fibers | made of protein, can stretch and recoil like a rubber band |
| areolar tissue | connects many adjacent structures in the body |
| adipose tissue | dominated by fat calls, helps insulate the body to conserve heat |
| reticular tissue | consists of loose network or reticular fibers and cells |
| fascia | sheets or bands formed by dense connective tissue |
| hyaline cartilage | forms most of the fetal skeleton |
| elastic cartilage | provides flexible support to the external ear |
| fibrocartilage | forms the discs between the vertebrae and in the knee joint |
| osseous tissue | bone |
| osteocytes | bone cells |
| plasma | liquid matrix of blood |
| blood | transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, wastes from one part of the body to another |
| neurons | the units that cpnduct nervous impulses |
| neuroglia | protect and assist the neurons |
| skeletal muscle | consists of long thin cells called muscle fiber |
| cardiac muscle | found only in the heart |
| smooth muscle | consists of long spindle shaped cells |
| regeneration | occurs when damaged tissue cells are replaced with the same type of cell |
| fibrosis | occurs when damaged tissue cells are replaced with scar tissue |
| mucous membranes | line the body surfaces that open directly to the body's exterior |
| cutaneous membrane | known as the skin...body's largest membrane |
| serous membrane | composed of simple squamous epithelium resting on a thin layer of areolar connective tissue |
| chondrocytes | cartilage forming cells |
| epithelium | layer of cells forming the epidermis of the skin |
| fibroblasts | cells that secrete collagen |
| glandular epithelium | epithelium consisting of glands that secrete particular substance |
| goblet cell | modified columnar cell containing secretory vesicles that produce large quantities of mucus |
| granulation tissue | newly formed tissue inside a wound |
| stem cell | specialized cell that can differentiate into many different types of cells |
| pleural membrane | surrounds each lung and lines the thoracic cavity |
| pericardial membrane | surrounds the heart |
| peritoneal membrane | line the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs |
| synovial membrane | line the spaces between bones |
| parietal membrane | serous membrane that lines the body cavities in one continuous sheet |
| visceral membrane | the part of the membrane that covers the organs |
| mucus | a watery secretion that coats and protects the cells of the membrane |
| axon | a single long nerve fiber in the neuron |
| striated muscle | skeletal muscle or voluntary muscle...striped |
| involuntary muscle | cardiac muscle |
| dense fibrous connective tissue | tendons, ligaments, fascia, dermis of the skin |
| bone | provides support, protection, serves as a calcium reservoir |
| tendons | attach muscle to bone |
| ligaments | attach bone to bone |
| extracellular matrix | allows connective tissue to be diverse |
| loose connective tissue | has stretchable quality |
| basement membrane | underlying connective tissue |
| simple squamous epithelium | alveoli, lining of blood and lymphatic vessels |
| simple cuboidal epithelium | ducts and tubules of many organs, including the kidneys |
| simple columnar epithelium | line the intestines |
| pseudostratified squamous epithelium | lines trachea, large bronchi, and nasal mucosa |
| stratified squamous epithelium | epidermis of the skin, esophagus, vagina |
| transitional epithelium | urinary tract |
| simple epithelia | every cell touches the basement membrane |
| surface tissue | epithelium |
| tissues | simple groups of similar cells that perform a common function |
| epithelial tissue | has no capillaries, gets nutrients from basement membrane |
| simple squamous epithelium | allows gas and fluid exchange |
| epidermis | kertanizing epithelium |
| glands | cells or organs that secrete something |
| multicellular | similar or dissimilar cells that combine secretions |
| cartilage | gets nutrients by diffusion |
| bone | arranged into haversian systems |
| blood | white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets |
| skeletal | attach to bone to move skeleton |
| cardiac | electrical impulses produced in the heart cause cells to contract in unison |
| mucosa | mucous membrane |
| perichondrium | covers cartilage |
| superficial fascia | between skin and muscles |
| deep fascia | covers skeletal muscles, anchors tendons to muscle |
| meninges | cover the brain and spinal cord |
| fibrous pericardium | forms a sac around the heart, lined by parietal pericardium |
Created by:
stephanierule
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