Lecture
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| What are the two methods of bone formation? | Intramembranous-face, skull, shaft of clavicle and Endochondral-all other bones
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| How do bones grow in width? | Appositional growth- side to side
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| How do bones grow in length? | Epiphyseal plate- up/down
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| What minerals are found in bone? | calcium, phosphate,collagen, magnesium, sodium, floride, lead, basically everything
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| What attaches periosteum to bone? | Sharpeys fibers
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| In what bone are occipitl condyles found? | Occipital-rests on atlas
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| Where is the superior orbital fissure found? | Sphenoid
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| Where is the Glabella found? | Frontal
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| Where is the perpendicular plate found? | Ethmoid
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| Whereis the mastoid process found? | Temporal
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| Where is the optic foramen found? | Sphenoid
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| Where is the anterior cranial processes found? | Sphenoid
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| What are the four parts of the Ethmoid bone? | Cribriform Plate, Crista Galli, Perpindicular Plate, and Olfactory Foramen
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| Where is the infraorbital foramen found? | maxilla
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| Where is the capitulum found? | Condyloid Process (mandible)
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| Where are all of the transverse processes found? | All Vertebrae
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| Where are the fascia found? | Thoracic
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| Name all of the fontanels and locations | Anterior/Frontal- sagittal, coronal and frontal suture
Occipital/Posterior-sagittal and lamboidal suture
Anterolateral-frontal, parietal, sphenoid and temporal bone (by temple)
Posterolateral- temporal parietal and occipital bones (by optic foramen)
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| What two bones have alveolar processes? | Maxilla and Mandible
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| The superior articular process forms a joint with what? | Infrerior articular process
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| what are the primary curves of the vertebral column? | Thoracic and Sacral
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| what are the secondary curves of the vertebral column? | Cervical (baby holds head up) and Lumbar (baby walks)
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| Where is the jugular notch located? | Manubrium
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| Where is the sternal angle located? | Sternum- separates manubrium and body
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| Where is the clavicle notch located and what does it form? | Manubrium, sterno clavicular joints
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| Where is bone marrow found? | Medullary cavity
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| What is another name for shaft of a bone? | diaphysis
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| What is ossification? | Bone formation
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| What is osteomyelitis | Inflammation of bone
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| What is the bone destroying cell? | Osteoclasts
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| What is the bone forming cell? | Osteoblasts
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| How many different vertebrae are there? | Cervical-7
Thoracic-12
Lumbar-5
Sacrum-1
Coccyx-1
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| What is the membrane that helps repair itself? | Periosteum/fibrous membrane
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| How many pairs of ribs are there? | 12 pairs of ribs
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| How are the ribs classified? | True ribs-1-7
False ribs-last 5 but 8-10 are attached to cartilage of 7th rib
Floating Ribs- last 2 of false ribs, not attached to anything.
All ribs are attached to vertebral column
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| Where are the sella turcia located? | Sphenoid
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| Where are the anterior and posterior clinoids found? | Sphenoid
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| What is a cleft palate? | left and right side of palantine process does not fuse together
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| What bones are involved with cleft palate? | Palatine process 3/4
Palatine bone 1/4
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| What are the two names for the cheek bones? | Zygomatic and Malor
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| What are the abnormalities of the spine? | Kyphosis-hunchback-increase in thoracic curve
Lordosis-sway back- increase in lumbar curve
Scoliosis-side to side curvature
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| What is spinal bifida? | Laminae of vertebrae fail to fuse together and this causes an opening in the spine where the contents of teh vertebral canal protrude out outward and look like a tail.
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| Names of sutures and where are they located? | Coronal- between frontal and parietal bone
Lamboidal-between parietal ad occipital bone
Sagittal-between two parietal bones
Squamous- between temporal and parietal bones
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| What are the two parts of the hard palate? | Palatine process and palatine bone
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| Where is the transverse foramen and what comes thru it? | Cervical vertebrae and carries vertebral arteries to the brain
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| What is Compact bone? | Strong, solid, support, protection, shaft of bone,diaphysis of bone
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| What is cancellous or spongy bone? | Weaker, holey (red), Light in weight, in epiphyses of bone
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| What bones contain sinuses? | Frontal, mastoid, maxillary
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| Where is the inferior conchae (turbinates) located? | Extend along lateral wall of nasal cavities
Bulges on side of nasal cavity
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| Where are sutures located? | Skull
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| Name three places where membranes are replaced by bone? | Face, skull, & shaft of clavicle
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| What occupies space in cancellous or spongy bone and medulla of long bones? | Bone marrow
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| Where is the easiest place to get bone marrow? | Illiac Crest- pelvic cavity
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| What is articulation? | A joint
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| What is lumen? | A window or opening
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| What is internal acoustic meatus? | A tube shaped opening in temporal bone
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| what is a osteophyte? | a bony growth due to degenerative change like arthritis.
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| What are the bones of the skull? | 1 Frontal, 1 occipital, 2 temporal, 1 sphenoid, 2 parietal and 1 ethmoid
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