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Bones- Exam 1
Lecture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two methods of bone formation? | Intramembranous-face, skull, shaft of clavicle and Endochondral-all other bones |
| How do bones grow in width? | Appositional growth- side to side |
| How do bones grow in length? | Epiphyseal plate- up/down |
| What minerals are found in bone? | calcium, phosphate,collagen, magnesium, sodium, floride, lead, basically everything |
| What attaches periosteum to bone? | Sharpeys fibers |
| In what bone are occipitl condyles found? | Occipital-rests on atlas |
| Where is the superior orbital fissure found? | Sphenoid |
| Where is the Glabella found? | Frontal |
| Where is the perpendicular plate found? | Ethmoid |
| Whereis the mastoid process found? | Temporal |
| Where is the optic foramen found? | Sphenoid |
| Where is the anterior cranial processes found? | Sphenoid |
| What are the four parts of the Ethmoid bone? | Cribriform Plate, Crista Galli, Perpindicular Plate, and Olfactory Foramen |
| Where is the infraorbital foramen found? | maxilla |
| Where is the capitulum found? | Condyloid Process (mandible) |
| Where are all of the transverse processes found? | All Vertebrae |
| Where are the fascia found? | Thoracic |
| Name all of the fontanels and locations | Anterior/Frontal- sagittal, coronal and frontal suture Occipital/Posterior-sagittal and lamboidal suture Anterolateral-frontal, parietal, sphenoid and temporal bone (by temple) Posterolateral- temporal parietal and occipital bones (by optic foramen) |
| What two bones have alveolar processes? | Maxilla and Mandible |
| The superior articular process forms a joint with what? | Infrerior articular process |
| what are the primary curves of the vertebral column? | Thoracic and Sacral |
| what are the secondary curves of the vertebral column? | Cervical (baby holds head up) and Lumbar (baby walks) |
| Where is the jugular notch located? | Manubrium |
| Where is the sternal angle located? | Sternum- separates manubrium and body |
| Where is the clavicle notch located and what does it form? | Manubrium, sterno clavicular joints |
| Where is bone marrow found? | Medullary cavity |
| What is another name for shaft of a bone? | diaphysis |
| What is ossification? | Bone formation |
| What is osteomyelitis | Inflammation of bone |
| What is the bone destroying cell? | Osteoclasts |
| What is the bone forming cell? | Osteoblasts |
| How many different vertebrae are there? | Cervical-7 Thoracic-12 Lumbar-5 Sacrum-1 Coccyx-1 |
| What is the membrane that helps repair itself? | Periosteum/fibrous membrane |
| How many pairs of ribs are there? | 12 pairs of ribs |
| How are the ribs classified? | True ribs-1-7 False ribs-last 5 but 8-10 are attached to cartilage of 7th rib Floating Ribs- last 2 of false ribs, not attached to anything. All ribs are attached to vertebral column |
| Where are the sella turcia located? | Sphenoid |
| Where are the anterior and posterior clinoids found? | Sphenoid |
| What is a cleft palate? | left and right side of palantine process does not fuse together |
| What bones are involved with cleft palate? | Palatine process 3/4 Palatine bone 1/4 |
| What are the two names for the cheek bones? | Zygomatic and Malor |
| What are the abnormalities of the spine? | Kyphosis-hunchback-increase in thoracic curve Lordosis-sway back- increase in lumbar curve Scoliosis-side to side curvature |
| What is spinal bifida? | Laminae of vertebrae fail to fuse together and this causes an opening in the spine where the contents of teh vertebral canal protrude out outward and look like a tail. |
| Names of sutures and where are they located? | Coronal- between frontal and parietal bone Lamboidal-between parietal ad occipital bone Sagittal-between two parietal bones Squamous- between temporal and parietal bones |
| What are the two parts of the hard palate? | Palatine process and palatine bone |
| Where is the transverse foramen and what comes thru it? | Cervical vertebrae and carries vertebral arteries to the brain |
| What is Compact bone? | Strong, solid, support, protection, shaft of bone,diaphysis of bone |
| What is cancellous or spongy bone? | Weaker, holey (red), Light in weight, in epiphyses of bone |
| What bones contain sinuses? | Frontal, mastoid, maxillary |
| Where is the inferior conchae (turbinates) located? | Extend along lateral wall of nasal cavities Bulges on side of nasal cavity |
| Where are sutures located? | Skull |
| Name three places where membranes are replaced by bone? | Face, skull, & shaft of clavicle |
| What occupies space in cancellous or spongy bone and medulla of long bones? | Bone marrow |
| Where is the easiest place to get bone marrow? | Illiac Crest- pelvic cavity |
| What is articulation? | A joint |
| What is lumen? | A window or opening |
| What is internal acoustic meatus? | A tube shaped opening in temporal bone |
| what is a osteophyte? | a bony growth due to degenerative change like arthritis. |
| What are the bones of the skull? | 1 Frontal, 1 occipital, 2 temporal, 1 sphenoid, 2 parietal and 1 ethmoid |
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vgucci5473
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