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| has toxic granules (coarser and darker than the normal neutrophilic granules, represent abnorm azurophilic granules) and Dohle bods (patches of dilated endoplasmic reticulum that appear as sky-blue cytoplasmic “puddles” | Kawasaki disease
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| presence of large oblong germinal centers, which are surrounded by a collar of small resting naïve B cells (mantle zone). Caused by RA, toxoplasmosis, and early HIV | Follicular hyperplasia
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| caused by stimuli that trigger T cell-mediated immune responses | Paracortical hyperplasia
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| uncommon prolif lesions of macrophages and dendritic cells (immature = Langerhans cell) | Histiocytoses
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| associated w/ adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma | HTLV-1
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| associated w/ Burkitt lymphoma, HL (Reed-Sternberg cells, spreads in an orderly fashion), B cell lymphomas | EBV
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| associated w/ Kaposi sarcoma and unusual B cell lymphoma | KSHV
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| marrow hypercellular and packed with lymphoblasts, immunostain for TdT. Characteristics: abrupt stormy onset, fatigue (anemia), fever, thrombocytopenia. Worse prognosis if < 2yrs or in adolescence/adulthood, Philadelphia chromosome | B (most common CA of kids) and T (adolescent males) cell ALL
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| most common leukemia of adults in W. world, prolif centers and smudge cells | CLL
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| most common form of INDOLENT NHL in US, from germinal center B cells and is strongly associated w/ BCL2 mutants | Follicular lymphoma
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| most common form of NHL, overexpress BCL6, which represses express of factors that promote germ center B cell differentiation and growth arrest (can also silence p53) | Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
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| high mitotic index and contains numerous apoptotic cells, nuclear remnants phagocytosed -> STARRY SKY pattern, translocation of c-MYC gene, EBV | Burkitt Lymphoma
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| plasma cell neoplasm w multifocal involvement of skeleton. Flame cells, Mott cells w/ grapelike cytoplasm drops. Russell bods (cytoplasm), Dutcher bods (nuclear). RBCs aggregat in linear rouleaux form. High IgG, IL6 and Bence Jones light chain proteinuria | Multiple Myeloma
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| malignant memory B cells accumulate in the bone marrow, interfering with the production of normal white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. Dry Tap | Hairy Cell Leukemia
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| naïve B cells, over-express cyclin D1 due to a t(11:14), CD5+ / CD23- helps to distinguish it from CLL/SLL. Males >60 y/o | Mantle Cell Lymphoma
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| B cell neoplasm, plasma cell component secretes IgM -> hyperviscosity synd (Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia) | Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma
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| Most common form of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Presents w/ rash, tumors, skin lesions, and itchy skin. Can progress to Sezary synd w/ erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, Atypical T cells in blood and Hepatosplenomegaly | Mycosis Fungoides
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| single node or chain of nodes and spreads to contiguous lymph tissues, owl-eyed Reed-Sternberg cells. In Young Adults and Very Old. EBV may contribute | Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Nodular Scleroising: most common lacunar RS cells
- mixed cellularity – RS cells w/ EBV
- lymphocyte rich - rare w/ best prognosis
- lymphocyte deplete - rare w/ lots of pleomorphic RS cells and few lymphos
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| accumulation of immature myeloid forms (blasts), Auer rods (needle like azurophilic granules) | AML = Acute Myeloid Leukemia
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| ineffective hematopoiesis leads to cytopenias, ringed sideroblasts. b/w 60-70 y/o can progress to AML | Myelodysplatic Synd
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| ^ production of one or more blood cell types and mutated constitutively activated tyrosine kinases, which lead to growth factor independent prolif and survival of marrow progenitors | Myeloproliferative disorders
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| chimeric BCR-ABL gene (Phila chrom) t(9:22) | CML = Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
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| increased marrow production of RBCs, granulocytes, and platelet, strongly associated w/ activating point mutations in JAK2. Elevated hematocrit -> increased blood viscosity and sludging | Polycythemia Vera
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| abnormally large platelets | Essential Thrombocytosis
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| development of obliterative marrow fibrosis and tear drop shaped RBCs | Primary Myelofibrosis
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| Birbeck granules are pentalaminar tubules, often w/ dilated terminal end producing a tennis racket appearance | Langerhans cell Histiocytosis
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| Diabetes Insip, Lytic Skull defects, Exophthalmos. Associated w Histiocytosis | Hand-Schuller-Christian triad
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