Audiology PowerPoint 4
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| show | Bartolomeo Eustachi
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| show | Made up of 3 ossicles that link the tympanic membrane to the oval window of the cochlea. Needs support (ligaments) and control (muscles via tendons). Muscle contraction causes rigidity and movement restriction.
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| show | Malleus, Incus, Stapes
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| V cranial nerve innervates _____ which connects to | show 🗑
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| V cranial nerve | show 🗑
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| show | facial nerve
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| VII cranial nerve innervates _____ which connects to | show 🗑
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| Tympanic cavity | show 🗑
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| show | superior area of the cavity, hosts the head of the malleus and the incus
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| show | canal that connects middle ear to nasopharynx, drains fluid from middle ear and equilibrates ME and external pressures.
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| Function of Middle Ear | show 🗑
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| Oval window | show 🗑
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| show | The sound is amplified in preparation for the loss of pressure by transferring the vibration from air to fluid. 98% of energy would be lost without amplification
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| Explain the "Thumbtack Effect" | show 🗑
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| show | eustachian tube fails to drain fluid within ME cavity, causing fluid to accumulate behind TM. Bacteria or viruses from nose invade fluid -> infection. Common in children.
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| show | for Otitis Media, the procedure for inserting a tube in the TM to drain out fluid
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| show | expanding growth of accumulating dead skin cells in the middle ear (benign tumor), begins on TM above pars flaccida. Produces enzymes causing destruction of bone.
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| Otosclerosis | show 🗑
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| show | collapsed
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| Function of the tensor veli palatini | show 🗑
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| Explain the "Lever Effect" | show 🗑
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| show | The curve of the tympanic membrane adds 6 dB
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| show | the act of cutting the tympanic membrane. --But NOT of putting in a tube.
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| Three reasons children under 3 get otitis media so often | show 🗑
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| Difference in pressure between ME and outside environment would... | show 🗑
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| show | air can not move in and out of the middle ear cavity --> bad conduction of sound and differences of air pressure may bruise or rupture the TM.
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| show | Skin lines the EAM and the outer surface of the TM. The outermost layer of skin on TM is actually composed of dead cells which are constantly being expelled with cerumen.
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| show | Conductive hearing loss when deteriorates occiscles, but if it reaches the otic capsule can cause sensorioneural hearing loss. The bone over the facial nerve can also be destroyed and a facial paralysis can result.
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| show | Occur w/ temporal bone fracture, traumatic TM perforation or barotrauma
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| Most common form of ossicular chain dislocation: | show 🗑
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| Treatment of ossicular chain dislocation in most common case: | show 🗑
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| Treatment for otosclerosis: | show 🗑
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