Audiology PowerPoint 4
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| show | Bartolomeo Eustachi
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| show | Made up of 3 ossicles that link the tympanic membrane to the oval window of the cochlea. Needs support (ligaments) and control (muscles via tendons). Muscle contraction causes rigidity and movement restriction.
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| Ossicles | show 🗑
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| show | tensor tympani muscle, (tensing of head/neck muscles), ligament to the malleus
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| V cranial nerve | show 🗑
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| show | facial nerve
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| VII cranial nerve innervates _____ which connects to | show 🗑
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| Tympanic cavity | show 🗑
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| Epitympani recess | show 🗑
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| Eustachian tube | show 🗑
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| show | transmits and amplifies vibrations of the tympanic membrane to inner ear
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| show | hidden by the footplate of the stapes, separates ME from IE
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| show | The sound is amplified in preparation for the loss of pressure by transferring the vibration from air to fluid. 98% of energy would be lost without amplification
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| show | The tympanic membrane is 17x larger tthan the oval window, and so all of the pressure is the concentrated on one small spot. (Pressure=Force/Area, reduction of Area increases pressure). This adds 23 dB.
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| Otitis Media | show 🗑
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| show | for Otitis Media, the procedure for inserting a tube in the TM to drain out fluid
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| show | expanding growth of accumulating dead skin cells in the middle ear (benign tumor), begins on TM above pars flaccida. Produces enzymes causing destruction of bone.
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| Otosclerosis | show 🗑
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| show | collapsed
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| Function of the tensor veli palatini | show 🗑
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| show | The incus has a short crus and a long crus, and therefore acts as a lever when transmitting vibrations from the malleus to the stapes. Amplifies the pressure by 3 dB.
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| show | The curve of the tympanic membrane adds 6 dB
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| show | the act of cutting the tympanic membrane. --But NOT of putting in a tube.
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| Three reasons children under 3 get otitis media so often | show 🗑
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| Difference in pressure between ME and outside environment would... | show 🗑
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| If the eustachian tube is blocked... | show 🗑
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| How does a cholesteatoma form? | show 🗑
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| What are the consequences of a cholesteatoma? | show 🗑
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| show | Occur w/ temporal bone fracture, traumatic TM perforation or barotrauma
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| Most common form of ossicular chain dislocation: | show 🗑
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| Treatment of ossicular chain dislocation in most common case: | show 🗑
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| Treatment for otosclerosis: | show 🗑
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