A&P Corbit
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| What is the one function of muscle? | to contract and shorten
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| Myology= | study of muscles
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| Another name for muscle cells is? | muscle fiber
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| Describe skeletal muscle | voluntary - striated
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| Describe smooth muscle | involuntary - non striated
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| Another name for smooth muscle is | viseral
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| Describe cardiac muscle | involuntary - cardiac
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| Muscles only... | pull, they never push
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| Describe ligaments | attach bone to bone
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| Describe tendons | attach muscle to bone
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| Define fascia | covering on the muscle
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| Define periosteum | fiberous connective tissue covering the bone
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| Define origin (as it relates to muscle) | where muscle is attached to stationary part of the skeleton
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| Define insertion (as it relates to muscle) | muscle is attached to the moveable part of the skeleton
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| Define Prime mover | main muscle that is moving
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| Define Antagonist | opposite
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| Define Synergistic | works together
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| Nerve impulses for movement come from... | the frontal lobes of the cerebrum
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| Muscle impulses of _____________lobe cause eletro-chemical impulses to travel and cause muscle fibers to contract. | frontal
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| Conscious muscle sense is.... | integrated parietal lobes of the cerebrum
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| Coordination is regulated by the | cerebellum
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| Define muscle tone (tonus) | slight contraction of muscle to maintain posture
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| If a muscle is flaccid, what does it mean | flabby
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| Describe isotonic exercise | strengthens heart and respiratory system
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| Describe isometric exercise | muscles are pitted against a immovable object
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| Which type of muscle is the type most responsible for generating heat? | skeletal
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| Define sarcolemma | cell membrane of the muscle fiber
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| Define sarcomeres | contraction unit of a muscle
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| Myosin and actin are proteins of a muscle fiber, an their interaction causes | muscle contractions
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| What is the role of sarcoplasmic reticulum | stores calcium and releases it on demand when muscle fiber is stimulated to contract
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| What gives the final 'go' signal for contraction | calcium
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| The specific neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle cells is | ACh (Acetylcholine)
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| Define a muscle twitch | single muscle contraction
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| Define tetanus | sustained muscle contraction with no evidence of relaxation
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| Muscle movement Flexion is | decreased in angle of a joint
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| Muscle movement Extension is | increased in angle of a joint
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| Muscle movement abduction is | away from the mid-line
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| Muscle movement adduction is | toward the mid-line
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| Muscle movement Dorsiflexion | standing on heels
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| Muscle movement Planter flexion is | standing on toes
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| Muscle movement Supination is | rotating arm so that palm is up
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| Muscle movement Pronation is | rotating arm so that palm is down
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| Define proprioception | awareness of the position of the bones, joints & muscle
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| Within the muscle the __________ receptors detect changes | stretch
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| The impulses for muscle sense are integrated in the .... | frontal lobes of the cerebrum (conscious muscle sense)
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| In the _______________(unconscious muscle sense)to be used to promote coordination | cerebellum
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| Frontalis muscle | wrinkles your forehead
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| Orbicularis oculi muscle | wink, squint, blink
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| Orbicularis oris muscle | kissing muscle
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| Buccinator muscle | chewing muscle, largest muscle used in facial expression
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| Zygomaticus muscle | smiling muscle
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| Masseter muscle | closes the jaw
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| Platysma muscle | pulls corner of the mouth downward
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| Sternocleidomastiod muscle | decreases the angle of the neck
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| Pectoralis major muscle | across the upper chest
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| Intercostal muscles | helps breathing
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| Trapezius muscle | superficial muscle of poster neck & upper trunk
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| Latissimus dorsi muscle | large muscle across your back
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| Deltiod muscle | shoulder (injection site)
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| Biceps brachii muscle | bulges when elbow is bent
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| Triceps brachii muscle | boxers muscle
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| Gluteus maximus | extends hip, not important in walking
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| Gluteus medius | steady the pelvis during walking (injection site)
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| Iliopsoas muscle | keeps upper body from falling backwards when standing erect
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| Adductor muscles | gravity does most of the work so they get flabby
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| Hamstring group (3) | behind the knee
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| Sartorius muscle | superficial muscle of the thigh (tailor's muscle)
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| Quadriceps group (4) | vastus lateralis (site of injection for children under 3)
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| (Achilles tendon) | without it you could not take a step
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| Gastrocnemius muscle | calf of the leg
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| Describe Duchenne's muscular dystrophy | seen in boys, is sex linked (mother to son)
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| Define myasthenia gravis | muscular disorder in adults
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