Introduction to Structure and Function of the Body
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| What is Biology? | The study of all forms of life.
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| What is Anatomy? | Where things are located in the body. (color,size,thickness)
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| What is Physiology? | How everything works.
(muscles,bones,body parts)
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| What are the structural levels of organization? | 1.chemical-not a living level 2.cellular-all cells in the body,living matter,everything in the body has cells. 3.tissues-contain cells,membranes,muscles,blood. 4.organs-heart,stomach,etc. 5.system-most complex unit of the body,performs specific functions.
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| What are the anatomical positions? | Supine is face up.
Prone is face down.
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| What is the anatomical direction? | Superior is towards the top.
Inferior is towards the bottom.
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| What is anterior? | Front or ventral
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| What is posterior? | Back or dorsal
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| What is medial? | Toward the middle of the body.
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| What is lateral? | Toward the side of the body.
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| What is cranial? | Top of the body.
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| What is caudal? | Bottom of the body.
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| What is proximal? | Closer to the point of attachment.
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| What is distal? | Farther point of attachment.
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| What is superficial? | Closer to the surface.
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| What is deep? | Farther away from the body surface.
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| What are the two major body cavities? | Ventral and dorsal.
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| What parts are included in the upper part of the ventral (or front) cavity? | Thoracic or chest. Mediastinum. Right and left pleural cavities.
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| What is the lower part of the ventral cavity? | Abdominal and pelvic cavity or abdominopelvic cavity.
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| What is the muscular sheet that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity? | The diaphragm which is dome shaped and is the most important muscle for breathing.
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| What are the dorsal cavities? | The cranial and spinal cavities.
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| What are the four quadrants of the abdominopelvic cavity? | 1.right superior(upper) 2.right inferior(lower)3.left superior(upper)4.left inferior(lower)
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| What is the center mid-line of the body? | Axial.
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| What are the attachments or appendages? | Appendicular.
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| What is it called when the body maintains balance? | Homeostasis.
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| What is metabolism? | The activity of cells in the body.
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| What is building up or to heal and repair body tissue called? What provide this function? | Anabolism. Protein.
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| What is the process of breaking down food for energy? | Catabolism.
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| What is the abdominal region? | The anterior torso below the diaphragm.
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| What is the antecubital region? | The depressed area just in front of the elbow.
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| What is the axillary region? | The armpit.
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| What is the brachial region? | The arm.
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| What is the carpal region? | The wrist.
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| What is the cephalic region? | The head.
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| What is the cervical region? | The neck.
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| What is the cranial region? | The skull.
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| What is the digital region? | The fingers or toes.
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| What is the dorsal region? | The back.
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| What is the frontal region? | The forehead.
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| What is the nasal region? | The nose.
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| What is the oral region? | The mouth.
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| What is the orbital or opthalmic region? | The eyes.
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| What is the femoral region? | The thigh.
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| What is the gluteal region? | The buttock.
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| What is the inguinal region? | The groin.
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| What is the lumbar region? | The lower back (between ribs and pelvis)
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| What is the mammary region? | The breast.
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| What is the occipital region? | The back of the lower skull.
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| What is the pedal region? | The foot.
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| What is the pelvic region? | The lower portion of the torso.
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| What is the perineal region? | The area between the anus and gentials.
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| What is the plantar region? | The sole of the foot.
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| What is the popliteal region? | The area behind the knee.
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| What is the thoracic region? | The chest.
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| What is the umbillical region? | The area around the navel. (umbillicus)
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