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Chapter 1
Introduction to Structure and Function of the Body
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Biology? | The study of all forms of life. |
| What is Anatomy? | Where things are located in the body. (color,size,thickness) |
| What is Physiology? | How everything works. (muscles,bones,body parts) |
| What are the structural levels of organization? | 1.chemical-not a living level 2.cellular-all cells in the body,living matter,everything in the body has cells. 3.tissues-contain cells,membranes,muscles,blood. 4.organs-heart,stomach,etc. 5.system-most complex unit of the body,performs specific functions. |
| What are the anatomical positions? | Supine is face up. Prone is face down. |
| What is the anatomical direction? | Superior is towards the top. Inferior is towards the bottom. |
| What is anterior? | Front or ventral |
| What is posterior? | Back or dorsal |
| What is medial? | Toward the middle of the body. |
| What is lateral? | Toward the side of the body. |
| What is cranial? | Top of the body. |
| What is caudal? | Bottom of the body. |
| What is proximal? | Closer to the point of attachment. |
| What is distal? | Farther point of attachment. |
| What is superficial? | Closer to the surface. |
| What is deep? | Farther away from the body surface. |
| What are the two major body cavities? | Ventral and dorsal. |
| What parts are included in the upper part of the ventral (or front) cavity? | Thoracic or chest. Mediastinum. Right and left pleural cavities. |
| What is the lower part of the ventral cavity? | Abdominal and pelvic cavity or abdominopelvic cavity. |
| What is the muscular sheet that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity? | The diaphragm which is dome shaped and is the most important muscle for breathing. |
| What are the dorsal cavities? | The cranial and spinal cavities. |
| What are the four quadrants of the abdominopelvic cavity? | 1.right superior(upper) 2.right inferior(lower)3.left superior(upper)4.left inferior(lower) |
| What is the center mid-line of the body? | Axial. |
| What are the attachments or appendages? | Appendicular. |
| What is it called when the body maintains balance? | Homeostasis. |
| What is metabolism? | The activity of cells in the body. |
| What is building up or to heal and repair body tissue called? What provide this function? | Anabolism. Protein. |
| What is the process of breaking down food for energy? | Catabolism. |
| What is the abdominal region? | The anterior torso below the diaphragm. |
| What is the antecubital region? | The depressed area just in front of the elbow. |
| What is the axillary region? | The armpit. |
| What is the brachial region? | The arm. |
| What is the carpal region? | The wrist. |
| What is the cephalic region? | The head. |
| What is the cervical region? | The neck. |
| What is the cranial region? | The skull. |
| What is the digital region? | The fingers or toes. |
| What is the dorsal region? | The back. |
| What is the frontal region? | The forehead. |
| What is the nasal region? | The nose. |
| What is the oral region? | The mouth. |
| What is the orbital or opthalmic region? | The eyes. |
| What is the femoral region? | The thigh. |
| What is the gluteal region? | The buttock. |
| What is the inguinal region? | The groin. |
| What is the lumbar region? | The lower back (between ribs and pelvis) |
| What is the mammary region? | The breast. |
| What is the occipital region? | The back of the lower skull. |
| What is the pedal region? | The foot. |
| What is the pelvic region? | The lower portion of the torso. |
| What is the perineal region? | The area between the anus and gentials. |
| What is the plantar region? | The sole of the foot. |
| What is the popliteal region? | The area behind the knee. |
| What is the thoracic region? | The chest. |
| What is the umbillical region? | The area around the navel. (umbillicus) |
Created by:
sbrandom
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