Ancient Egypt stuff
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| acronym for ancient cities along the Nile River | MTAEiNMK
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| What does MTAEiNMK stand for? | Miroku, Tanuki, Ayame, Entei, inuyasha, Naraku, Miko, Kagome
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| acronym for modern cities along the Nile River | PsAC
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| What does Psac stand for? | Public service Announcement Crew
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| acronym for ancient monument sites along the Nile River | GLAs
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| What does GLAs stand for? | Glass=Light And sand
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| How many cataracts are there along the Nile River? | six
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| Where is the ARABIAN Desert? | In Saudi ARABIA.
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| Where is the LIBYAN Desert? | West, like LIBYA.
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| Why is the Blue Nile closer to the ocean, on the west? | because it's blue and therefore closer to the ocean
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| What is the Mediterranean Sea to the Nile? | its mouth
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| Which direction does the Nile River flow? | north
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| Which two rivers meet to form the Nile River? | the White Nile and the Blue Nile
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| What three small lakes are at the start of the White Nile? | Lake Albert, Lake George, and Lake Edward
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| At what lake does the Blue Nile begin? | Lake Victoria
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| Near what city do the two Niles meet? | Khartoum
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| In what country does the Nile end? | Egypt
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| In what country does the Blue Nile begin in? | Ethiopia
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| At six places along the Nile's winding course what two things force its waters through narrow channels? | stone cliffs and boulders
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| What does the rushing water form? | waterfalls and rapids called cataracts
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| What does the first cataract mark? | the southern boundary of ancient Egypt
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| How far does the Nile flow north from the first cataract? | 600 miles
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| What is a triangle of marshy wetlands called? | a delta
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| What did farmers depend on flooding for? | to water their crops and provide silt
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| silt | a fertile mud
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| What did the Egyptians divide the year into? | three seasons
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| What were the three seasons that the Egyptians divided the year into? | the inundation season, the planting season, and the harvest season
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| inundation | flood
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| What did this seasonal cycle of flooding give to Egyptian life? | pattern
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| What two regions was Egypt divided into? | Upper and Lower Egypt
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| Where was Upper Egypt located? | The south, it stretched from Aswan to Memphis.
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| Where was Lower Egypt located? | The north, it stretched from Memphis to the Mediterranean Sea.
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| To take advantage of the annual flooding of the Nile, what did the Egyptians build? | irrigation canals and dams
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| What were the irrigation canals for? | to carry water into the fields
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| What were the dams for? | to hold back the water for use during droughts
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| What was an important job of the government? | The work of planning and organizing building irrigation canals and dams.
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| What were the four natural borders that isolated ancient Egypt and protected them from invaders? | North-the Mediterranean Sea, East-the Arabian Desert, South-mountains, West-the Libyan Desert
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| What bigger desert are both the Arabian and the Libyan deserts part of? | the Sahara Desert
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| What were the causes of the flooding of the Nile in Ancient Egypt? | Rains in Central Africa and snow melt from the mountains in Eastern Africa.
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| How were the floods in Ancient Egypt different than the ones in Ancient Mesopotamia? | The floods in Ancient Egypt were far more predictable.
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| What foods did the Nile provide the Egyptians other than what they produced from farming? | Fish, ducks, geese, and other water birds.
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| What is papyrus? | A long, thin reed.
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| What of some of the uses for papyrus? | Making baskets, boats, sandals, and a lightweight writing material,paper, with it.
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| By what year did both parts of Ancient Egypt have kings? | By about 3300 BCE.
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| dynasty | A series of rulers from the same family.
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| About how many dynasties ruled over Ancient Egypt? | about 30
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| Who was the first king to create a dynasty, according to legend? | Menes
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| When did the Old Kingdom take place? | 2686-2181 BCE
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| When did the Middle Kingdom take place? | 2055-1650 BCE
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| When did the New Kingdom take place? | 1570-11070 BCE
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| What were some of the Old Kingdom's accomplishments? | Building the Great Pyramids of Giza.
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| What were some of the Middle Kingdom's accomplishments? | Making Egypt's economy stronger and achieving a great deal in literature, architecture, and arts.
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| What were some of the New Kingdom's accomplishments? | Egypt became a world power by conquering other nations and building an empire.
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| Who built the Pyramids of Giza? | skilled laborers and common laborers
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| What was the order in which the Pyramids constructed? | Khufu's, Khafari's, then Memphari's
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| Who's pyramid was the biggest? | Khufu's
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| Who's pyramid was the smallest? | Memfari's
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| What is true of the pharaohs of Ancient Egypt? | They owned all the land, had complete control over Egypt, and the people believed they were a god.
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| What is the high priest's job? | To advise the pharaoh.
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| What is the vizier's job? | To advice the pharaoh and serve as a judge.
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| What do artisans and professional's jobs? | To provide goods and services for the royal family. Almost all the art they made was for the royal family.
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| Were there always more farmers than slaves? | yes
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| What the farmers work as during the flood seasons? | laborers
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| Who did everyone work for in Egypt? | the pharaoh
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| What was the job of the royal family? | To assist the Pharaoh in running the kingdom. Male members of the family were often given government official jobs.
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| What were the three resources that Egypt had access to? | granite, alabaster, and limestone
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| Which resources did the Kingdom of Kush have access to? | gold
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| Why did the Egyptians prepare the body for the afterlife? If they didn't do this, what would the spirit miss out on after death? | They believed that without a body, a person's spirit couldn't eat, drink, dance, or enjoy the other pleasures of the afterlife.
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| Why did the bury their dead with many objects? What are some examples? | The objects would be of use in the afterlife. Examples- clothes, food, drinks, games, hand mirrors, mummies of pets, statues of servants (for the wealthy), ect.
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| Who constructed the ritual of "weighing the heart of the dead?" | Anubis and Osiris
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| Explain the process of "weighing the heart of the dead." | When the gods weigh the heart of the dead against the feather of truth.
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| What happens if the soul was heavy with sin? | It was believed that the soul died a painful second death.
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| What happened if the soul passed the test? | It was believed that the soul would go on to enjoy a happy afterlife.
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| What is the Rosetta stone? | A black stone tablet with the same passage written in three languages.
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| What was the Rosetta stone's importance to understanding Egyptian history? | It was "the key" that unlocked Ancient Egypt. After it was decoded, historians could read hieroglyphics and understand Egyptian records.
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| Why was the job of a scribe hard to obtain? | The hieroglyphics system was complex, the school days of the special schools were long and could be harsh.
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| How many different symbols did the young scribes to be have to learn? | 700 different ones.
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| Why did many fathers want their sons to have this job? | It was "of greater advantage than all the trades", so they'd have a good job and a respected place in society.
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| How were the Egyptian kings different from the Mesopotamian ones? | Egyptians believed their kings to be gods while Mesopotamians believed their kings ruled on behalf of the gods.
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| Osiris | King of the Underworld (the land of the dead).
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| Anubus | Second-tier god; guide of the dead; preparer of bodies for the afterlife (Osiris's helper and son).
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| Amon-Ra | Creator of the universe. Chief/king of the gods.
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| Hathor | Goddess of laughter and love (more "motherly love").
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| Horus | God of the Earth; Pharaoh was considered to be the "human form" of this god.
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| Isis | Goddess of motherhood and fertility; was the sister-wife of Osiris.
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| What is the name of the city where the kingdom of Nubia begins? | Aswan
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| What was strange about the appearance of the Egyptian pharaoh's wife and daughters in the statues near the temple? | Rames II wife and daughters were made to look like Nubians.
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| What modern day country is the "heart of the black kingdoms of the Nile?" | Sudan
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| Why did the creation of the Aswan High Dam make learning about the Ancient Nubians extremely difficult? | Lake Nasser covered the artifacts and remains of the civilization.
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| In the city of there is a set of ruins that are 2000 years old. What did the building used to be? | a college or university
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| What does this type of building, a college or university, tell modern people about the ancient Nubians? | They were an advanced civilization.
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| By what century had the Nubians conquered all of Egypt? | 8th century BCE
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| At six places along the Nile, water is forced through narrow channels creating rapids and steep waterfalls. These areas can be described as what? | cataracts
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| What two cities is Upper Egypt located between? | Aswan and Memphis
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| Where can one find evidence that the Egyptians and Kushite people had close relationships? | In pics on the walls of some Egyptian tombs and temples.
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| Describe the scenes in Hatshepsut's tomb. What do these images tell us about the relationship between Egypt and Kush? | Some scenes were of the Kushite people bearing gifts, others were of the them armed with bows and arrows suggesting that the two people's had a complicated relationship. Sometimes it was peaceful, often it was not.
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| What is another name for Kush? | Nubia
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| How did the Nubians get their name? | From the Egyptian word for gold, nub.
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| What goods did the Egyptians receive from the Nubians? | Gold, ivory, leather, and timber.
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| What goods did the Nubians receive from the Egyptians? | Grain, linen, and slaves.
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| What specific changes happened in Nubia that showed the influence the Egyptians had on them as a civilization? | The Nubians started to worship Egyptian gods, wear Egyptian clothes, and follow Egyptian traditions even after they gained their independence back.
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| Why did the Egyptians become weak after the collapse of the New Kingdom? | At least ten Egyptian kingdoms fought one another for power, the constant fighting made Egypt weak and unstable.
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| What major event occurred in 730 BCE? | Egypt surrendered to Piye, king of Kush.
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| What dynasty did Piye start? | The 25th dynasty.
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| Describe the size of the Nubian empire under Piye's rule. | The empire extended for 1500 miles, stretching from Meroe to the Mediterranean Sea.
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| What major construction site is seen as an example of how closely connected the Nubians and Egyptians were? | The temple at Jebel Barkal because it was modeled after the temple of Rames II.
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| In what year did the last of the Nubian kings leave Egypt? | The mid 650s BCE.
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| Who was responsible for the kings' departures? | The Assyrians, because of their advanced iron weaponry.
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| What major event occurred in 590 BCE? | The Egyptians invaded Kush again, and destroyed their capital city, Napata.
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| How did the Nubians react to the Egyptians destroying their capital city? | The Nubians made Meroe their new capital city, it was 300 miles south of Napata and safely out of the Egyptian's reach.
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| Explain how the Nubians were more modern in the views towards women. | They practiced female leadership, and the Kandakes (queen mothers) were considered goddesses.
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| What was the Old Kingdom's capital city? | Memphis
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| What was the New Kingdom's capital city? | Thebes
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| How long did Hatshepsut rule for? | about 20 years
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| OLD Kingdom dates trick | 2686-2181 BCE- OLD maid 21-26
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| New Kingdom dates trick | 1570-1070 BCE- first ages of possibly getting married
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| Middle Kingdom dates trick | 2055-1650 BCE- middle ages of possibly getting married
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| noble | of high rank or birth
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| obelisk | A tall, four-sided pillar that tapers to a point like a pyramid.
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| hieroglyph | A symbol used in the hieroglyphics, a system of writing that developed around 3000 BCE.
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| For what two major accomplishments is the Old Kingdom known for? | Building the great pyramids and early pharaohs developing a strong central government.
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| What is another name given to the Middle Kingdom? | the Period of Reunification
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| The Middle Kingdom is known for accomplishments in what areas? | Literature, art, and architecture.
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| What is a nickname given to the New Kingdom? | Egypt's Golden Age
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| What could be seen as Khufu's most memorable contribution? | Building the largest great pyramid.
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| Senusret I was in charge of mines that contained what resources? | copper, gold, and gems (purple amethyst)
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| What could be seen as Senusret I greatest accomplishment? | Building the White Chapel.
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| What could be seen as Hatshepsut's greatest accomplishment? | Her rise to power, never before had a woman pharaoh ruled Egypt.
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| What was Hatshepsut's greatest trade expedition? | The one to the African Kingdom of Punt.
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| What goods did the expedition bring back? | gold, ivory, rare woods, monkeys, ostrich feathers, leopard furs, and incense
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| What was a nickname for Rames II? | Rames the Great
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| For how long did Rames II rule? | 64 years
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| Rames II is best known for defeating which group in battle? | the Hitties
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| What is Rames II greatest building project? | The temple complex at Abu Simbel.
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| Why was Hatshepsut liked by people of Egypt? | because she promoted trade.
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| How did Hatshepsut gain her power? | she was supposed to take over until Thutmoset III was old enough to take over (but she never relinquished her power because she likes it).
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| What is Hatshepsut's connection to Thutmoset III? | He is her nephew.
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| Who did Thutmoset III want to fight? | Everybody and anybody, he's really mad.
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| Why is Thutmoset III really mad? | Because a mere woman took his rightful power away and there was nothing he could do about it.
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| What does Thutmoset III try to do once he is pharaoh? | Erase Hatshepsut from history.
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| How does Thutmoset try to erase Hatshepsut from history? | He has the sphinx and obelisks from her temple destroyed, wreaks stuff in her temple, and has stone masons scratch out her name from history.
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| How long is Thutmosut III mad at Hatshepsut? | 15-20 years
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| How far did Thutmoset III territory reach? | From Nubia to the Euphrates River.
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| What did conquered nations send to prove their loyalty? | gifts called tributes
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| Why did even free nations send gifts? | because they feared Egypt.
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| What is another name for Napata? | Jebel Barkal
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| Where was the temple of Rames II moved to before the Aswan High Dam was built? | Abu Simbel
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| What was worn by pharaohs in the New Kingdom to show authority? | fake beards
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