Chapter 14 and 17 Test
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Physiocrats | 18th cent. thinkers who attacked mercantilism regulation of economy, advocated a limited economy
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| Philosophes | 18th cent. writers and critics who forged the new altitude favorible for change
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| Tabula rasa | Meaning "blank page"; philosophical belief associated with John Locke that human beings enter the world totally unformed character that are completly shaped by experience
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| Copernicus | Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center
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| d'alembert | Co-editor of the encyclopedia
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| Galileo | Italian astronomer and physicist. First to use a telescope to study the stars (1610) was an outspoken advocate of Copernicus' theory that sun forms in center of universe.
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| Joseph II | Enlightened absolutist monarchy; famous for progressive stone of serfdorn and economics policy
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| Descartes | French philosopher and mathematician; developed dualistic theory of mind and matter
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| Deism | Belief in a ration god who created universe but allowed it to function with out his interference
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| Diderot | Published first encyclopedia and succeded with goal
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| Wollstonecraft | English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women
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| Frederick II | King of Prussia, son Frederick William I. Gained Silesia during WAr of Austrian Succession his military geniouses established Prussia as European power.
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| Smith | Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade
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| Isaac Newton | English mathematician and physiciist; developed calculus and for his law of gravitation
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| Brahe | Danish astronomer whose observations of planets provided the basis for kepler's laws of planetary motion
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| Scientific Revolition | A period of rapid advances in European scientific, mathematical and political thought, based on new philosophy of empiricism and a faith in progress; defined Europe in 16th and 17th century.
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| Ptolemaic System | Astronomical system of Ptolemy, which earth is at center of universe with sun, moon, planets, and stars revolving about it in circular orbits
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| Scientific Induction | The process of deriving general principles from particular facts or instances.
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| Kepler | Astronomer, proved planets orbited around sun in oval pathway.
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| Pascal | French mathematician, philosopher and jansenists; invented an adding machine; helped with fermat theory of probability.
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| Bacon | Scientist; proved existence of gravity which was a key aspect in important inventions
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| Empiricism | Theory of knowledge that asserts that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience
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| Enlightenment | AKA age of reason; a cultural movement of intellectuals in 18th century. Purpose was to reform society using reason and advance knowledge through science
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| Locke | Theologian/Philosopher; argued against hobbes because viewd humans as creatures of goodness and say purpose of humans is to make social.
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| Hobbes | Most original philosopher of 17th century; supported scientific movement.
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| Montesquieu | Believed Gov't should have seperation of powers.
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| Laissez-faire | French phase meaning "allow to do" in economies the doctorine of minimal gov't interference.
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| Catherine II | AKA CAtherine the Great of Russia. Created reforms; booted husband out after becoming king and queen
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| Rousseau | Believed ppl in their natural state were basically good but they were corrupted by evil of society
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| Voltaire | French writer; pen name of François-Marie Arouet. A leading figure of the Enlightenment, his works include Candide
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