The Church in Crisis and Change 1305-1517
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| a man claiming to be pope who is not the true pope; | antipope
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| a deadly and highly contagious disease, also called the plague, that spread throughout Europe during the Late Middle Ages. Scientists today believe it may have been a form of what we now call bubonic plague. (p. 118) | Black Death
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| an antipope who ruled in Avignon, France, in opposition to the true pope, Urban VI, in the late 1300s (p. 120) | Clement VII
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| modern-day Istanbul, in what is now Turkey; center of worship of the Eastern Orthodox Church; attacked and looted in 1204 by the armies of the Fourth Crusade; captured by Muslim Turks in 1453 (p. 118) | Constantinople
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| general council of the Church held in Constance, Switzerland, from 1414 to 1418; Decision to set aside the three rival popes and to elect one new pope. In 1417 Pope Martin V was elected which ended the Great Schism of the West. | Council of Constance
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| a split in the Catholic Church that developed in the late 1300s when competing cardinals elected two new popes, each one claiming to be the real pope (p. 120) | Great Schism of the West
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| a Renaissance philosophy that placed an increased emphasis on the importance of the person; Christian humanists emphasized again that every person is made in God's image and likeness. (p. 121) | humanism
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| term often used to refer to the years between A.D. 1300 and 1500 (p. 118) | Late Middle Ages
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| a deadly and highly contagious disease, also called the Black Death, that spread throughout Europe during the Late Middle Ages. | plague
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| French-born pope who in 1305 moved the papacy from Rome to Avignon, a small city in southeastern France (p. 120) | Pope Clement V
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| pope who moved the papacy from Avignon, France, back to Rome in 1377 after being advised to do so by Saint Catherine of Siena (p. 120) | Pope Gregory XI
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| the pope whose election in 1417 ended the Great Schism of the West (p. 120) | Pope Martin V
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| a period marking the end of the Middle Ages and beginning of the Modern Age, characterized by a rediscovery of the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome and a revival of European culture; the French word renaissance means "rebirth." (p. 121) | Renaissance
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| a chapel in the Vatican whose interior offers an extraordinary sampling of Renaissance art, most notably the ceiling and Last Judgment frescoes painted by Michelangelo. It is in this chapel that the election of popes takes place. (p. 121) | Sistine Chapel
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| He called a general council meeting of the church where it was decided to set aside three rival popes and elect a new pope | Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund
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| She is credited with convincing Pope Gregory XI to return the papacy to Rome | St. Catherine of Siena
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| Revelations of Divine Love was written by __________________ It is the first book written in English by a woman. | St. Julian of Norwich
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