Muscles and Function
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| orbicularis oculi | closes eyes, blinking, squinting
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| zygomaticus | raises lateral corners of mouth (smiling)
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| orbicularis oris | closes mouth, purses lips (kissing)
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| platysma | depresses mandible, pulls lower lip back and down
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| frontalis | raises eyebrows, wrinkles skin of forehead
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| masseter | closes jaw, elevates mandible
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| sternocleidomastoid | flexes neck (together); rotates head toward opposite shoulder (individually)
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| digastric | elevates hyoid, opens mouth, depresses mandible
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| deltoid | prime mover of arm abduction
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| pectoralis major | arm flexion, adducts and medially rotates arm
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| serratus anterior | moves scapula forward
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| transversus abdominis | compresses abdominal contents
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| internal and external obliques | flexes vertebral column, fixes and depresses ribs, stabilizes pelvis during walking, aids in trunk rotation and lateral flexion
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| rectus abdominis | flexes vertebral column, fixes and depresses ribs, stabilizes pelvis during walking
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| trapezius | extends head, retracts scapula, elevates and depresses scapula (shrug shoulders)
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| teres major | extends, medially rotates, and adducts humerus
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| latissimus dorsi | prime mover of arm extension; adducts and medially rotates arm
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| supraspinatus | assists in abduction of humerus; stabilizes shoulder
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| infraspinatus | lateral rotation of humerus
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| erector spinae | extends and abducts vertebral column
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| triceps brachii | extension of forearm
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| biceps brachii | flexion of forearm, supination of forearm
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| flexor carpi radialis | wrist flexion, abducts hand
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| flexor carpi ulnaris | wrist flexion, adducts hand
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| flexor digitorum superficialis | flexes wrist and phalanges of fingers 2-5
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| flexor pollicis longus | flexes thumb
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| extensor carpi ulnaris | flexes thumb
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| extensor carpi ulnaris | extends and adducts wrist
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| extensor carpi radialis | extends and abducts wrist
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| extensor digitorum | finger extension
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| extensor pollicis longus | extends thumb
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| iliopsoas | flex trunk on thigh, hip flexor
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| tensor fasciae latae | flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh
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| sartorius | flexes and laterally rotates thigh (cross-legged sitting)
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| quadriceps femoris | identify the following as quadriceps: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis
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| rectus femoris | extends knee and flexes thigh at hip
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| vastus lateralis | extends knee
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| vastus medialis | extends knee
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| adductor longus | adducts and medially rotates and flexes thigh
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| gracilis | adducts thigh and medially rotates leg
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| gluteus maximus | hip extensor, laterally rotates thigh
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| hamstrings | indentify the following as hamstrings: biceps femoris, semitendinosus,
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| biceps femoris | extends thigh, flexes knee, laterally rotates leg
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| semitendinosus | extends thigh, flexes knee, medially rotates leg
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| gastrocnemius | flexion of knee when foot is dorsiflexed
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| soleus | plantarflexion of foot
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| flexor digitorum longus | flexes toes; plantarflexes and inverts foot
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| popliteus | flexes and medially rotates leg
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| peroneus longus | plantarflexes and everts foot
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| flexor hallucis longus | flexes great toe; pushes off when walking
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| tibialis posterior | inversion and plantarflexion of foot
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| tibialis anterior | dorsiflexes and inverts foot
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| extensor digitorum longus | toe extension; dorsiflexes and everts foot
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| extensor hallucis longus | extends great toe
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