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LP 2 Studies
Muscles and Function
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| orbicularis oculi | closes eyes, blinking, squinting |
| zygomaticus | raises lateral corners of mouth (smiling) |
| orbicularis oris | closes mouth, purses lips (kissing) |
| platysma | depresses mandible, pulls lower lip back and down |
| frontalis | raises eyebrows, wrinkles skin of forehead |
| masseter | closes jaw, elevates mandible |
| sternocleidomastoid | flexes neck (together); rotates head toward opposite shoulder (individually) |
| digastric | elevates hyoid, opens mouth, depresses mandible |
| deltoid | prime mover of arm abduction |
| pectoralis major | arm flexion, adducts and medially rotates arm |
| serratus anterior | moves scapula forward |
| transversus abdominis | compresses abdominal contents |
| internal and external obliques | flexes vertebral column, fixes and depresses ribs, stabilizes pelvis during walking, aids in trunk rotation and lateral flexion |
| rectus abdominis | flexes vertebral column, fixes and depresses ribs, stabilizes pelvis during walking |
| trapezius | extends head, retracts scapula, elevates and depresses scapula (shrug shoulders) |
| teres major | extends, medially rotates, and adducts humerus |
| latissimus dorsi | prime mover of arm extension; adducts and medially rotates arm |
| supraspinatus | assists in abduction of humerus; stabilizes shoulder |
| infraspinatus | lateral rotation of humerus |
| erector spinae | extends and abducts vertebral column |
| triceps brachii | extension of forearm |
| biceps brachii | flexion of forearm, supination of forearm |
| flexor carpi radialis | wrist flexion, abducts hand |
| flexor carpi ulnaris | wrist flexion, adducts hand |
| flexor digitorum superficialis | flexes wrist and phalanges of fingers 2-5 |
| flexor pollicis longus | flexes thumb |
| extensor carpi ulnaris | flexes thumb |
| extensor carpi ulnaris | extends and adducts wrist |
| extensor carpi radialis | extends and abducts wrist |
| extensor digitorum | finger extension |
| extensor pollicis longus | extends thumb |
| iliopsoas | flex trunk on thigh, hip flexor |
| tensor fasciae latae | flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh |
| sartorius | flexes and laterally rotates thigh (cross-legged sitting) |
| quadriceps femoris | identify the following as quadriceps: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis |
| rectus femoris | extends knee and flexes thigh at hip |
| vastus lateralis | extends knee |
| vastus medialis | extends knee |
| adductor longus | adducts and medially rotates and flexes thigh |
| gracilis | adducts thigh and medially rotates leg |
| gluteus maximus | hip extensor, laterally rotates thigh |
| hamstrings | indentify the following as hamstrings: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, |
| biceps femoris | extends thigh, flexes knee, laterally rotates leg |
| semitendinosus | extends thigh, flexes knee, medially rotates leg |
| gastrocnemius | flexion of knee when foot is dorsiflexed |
| soleus | plantarflexion of foot |
| flexor digitorum longus | flexes toes; plantarflexes and inverts foot |
| popliteus | flexes and medially rotates leg |
| peroneus longus | plantarflexes and everts foot |
| flexor hallucis longus | flexes great toe; pushes off when walking |
| tibialis posterior | inversion and plantarflexion of foot |
| tibialis anterior | dorsiflexes and inverts foot |
| extensor digitorum longus | toe extension; dorsiflexes and everts foot |
| extensor hallucis longus | extends great toe |
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