A&P 182
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Macronutrients are ___________? | Carbohydrates Proteins Fats
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| Micronutrients are ____________? | Vitamins, Minerals
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| Essential nutrients are ___________? | Nutrients human cells cannot synthesize such as certain amino acids
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| Excesses of Carbs leads to _______? | Obesity ,Dental caries, Nutritional deficits
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| Deficiencies of Carbs leads to_______? | Metabolic acidosis, Weight loss
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| Digestion breaks complex carbohydrates into _______ that are small enough to be absorbed | monosaccharides
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| Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate abundant in our food. It is not digested, but provides ________? | bulk (fiber or roughage)
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| Monosaccharides that are absorbed include _______? | fructose, galactose, and glucose
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| The minimal requirements for carbohydrates in the human diet is ______? Intake of at least _____? grams is necessary An average diet includes _____? grams | unknown, 125 – 175, 200-300
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| The most common dietary lipids are fats called ____? | triglycerides
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| Excesses fats leads to_______? | Obesity
Increased serum cholesterol
Increased risk of heart diseases
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| Deficiencies of fat lead to ______? |
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| Lipids in foods are _______? (3) | phospholipids, cholesterol and most commonly, fats (triglycerides)
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| The American Heart Association advises that the diet not exceed ___% of total daily calories from fat | 30
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| The waste product of protein metabolism is ______? | urea
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| Excesses lead to _____? Deficiencies lead to: _____? | obesity; Extreme weight loss
Muscle wasting
Anemia
Growth retardation
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| Proteins contain a high percentage of _____? | nitrogen
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| Typically protein intake is ____% of a person’s diet Most people should consume _____ grams a day | 10; 60-150
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| Vitamins are classified on the basis of solubility as either fat- soluble_______? or water-soluble _____? | (vitamins A, D, E, and K), (the B vitamins and vitamin C)
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| Submucosal plexus – controls _____? | secretions
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| Myenteric plexus – controls_____? | gastrointestinal motility
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| Pepsinogen is? | From the chief cells. Inactive form of pepsin so it doesn’t split our stomach protiens
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| Pepsin is? | From pepsinogen in the presence of hydrochloric acid
Is a protein splitting enzyme
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| Hydrochloric acid | From the parietal cells. Needed to convert pepsinogen to pepsin
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| Mucus in stomach is? | From the goblet cells and the mucous glands. Protective to stomach wall
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| Intrinsic factor? | From the parietal cells. Is required for vitamin B12 absorption- RBC production
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| _____? stimulates gastric glands to release more gastric juice | gastrin
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| The stomach does absorb: | Some water
Certain salts
Certain lipid-soluble drugs
Alcohol
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| Pancreatic_____? – splits glycogen into disaccharides | amylase
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| Pancreatic ______? – breaks down triglycerides | lipase
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| ______? (3) – digest proteins in small intestine from the pancreus | Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase
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| _____? – digest nucleic acids | Nucleases
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| ______? – make pancreatic juice alkaline | Bicarbonate ions
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