MTC113 Pathologies of the Digestive System
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| Anorexia | loss of appetite that can accompany other conditions.
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| Anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder involving refusal to eat
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| Appendicitis | Severe pain in the lower right part of the abdomen. Inflammation of the appendix.
Surgical Removal.
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| Bulimia | eating disorder - binge eating and then purging with either laxatives or vomiting.
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| Cholecystitis | Gallstones in gallbladder or in the bile duct.
Inflammation of the gall bladder
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| Cirrhosis | Chronic liver disease
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| Colorectal cancer | cancers of the colon (large intestine. Often starts with benighn polyps in the lining of the intestine; second leading cause of cancer deaths in the US.
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| Constipation | difficult or infrequent defecation
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| Crohn's Disease | Chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting the ileum and/or colon.
AKA: regional ileitis
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| Diarrhea | passing of frequent watery bowel movements; usually accompanies gastrointestinal disorders
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| Divertuculitis | food becomes trapped within the pouch and is not eliminated.
Inflammation of a diverticulum (an outpouching of the gut), frequetnly in the colon
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| Diverticulosis | having diverticula in the intestinal tract.
Increases teh possibility of one or more becoming inflamed.
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| Dyspepsia | Indigestion
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| Enteritis | Inflammation of teh small intestine
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| esophageal stricture | narrowing of the esophagus.
difficulty swallowing foods and fluids.
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| gastritis | pain, tenderness, nausea, vomiting.
Inflammation of the stomach
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| gastroenteritis | inflammation of the stomach and small intestine
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| gastroesophageal reflux | Inflammation and pain caused by stomach acid backing up into the esophagus
AKA: GERD or reflux esophagitis
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| hemorrhoids | varicose veins in the rectum
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| hepatitis | inflammation of the liver generally due to a viral infection
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| Hiatal hernia | abnormal protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach into the chest cavity through an opening of the diaphragm (esophageal hiatus). GERD is a common symptom.
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| Inguinal Hernia | abnormal protrusion of the small intestine in the inguinal area through a weak spot in teh abdominal wall that becomes a hole; typically below the inguinal ligament. Surgical repair.
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| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | Chronic inflammatory condition with multiple ulcers forming on the mucous membrane of the colon.
AKA: IBD, ulcerative colitis
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| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | disturbance in intestinal function, unknown causes; may cause changes in bowel function and abdominal pain.
AKA: IBS, spastic colon
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| Pancreatic Cancer | vague, nonspecific sysmptoms (abdominal pain, loss of appetite, weight loss, bloating, diarrhea, jaundice)
cancer of the pancreas, arising from exocrine glands; High mortality rate.
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| Peptic Ulcer Disease | ulcer in the lining of the lower esophagus, stomach or duodenum, thought to be caused by gastric acids. nausea, pain, vomiting, weight loss.
AKA: PUD
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| Polyps | small tumors attached to the mucous membrane of the colon. may be benign, precancerous or the site of cancer.
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| Pyrosis | Painful burning sensation generally caused by stomach acid splashing up into the esophagus.
AKA:Heartburn
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| Volvulus | Painful condition in which the bowel twists upon itself causing and obstruction. generally requires immediate surgery
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