Chapter 13 medical terminology
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arachn/o | spider
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cerebr/o | cerebrum; brain
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crani/o | skull
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dendr/o | branching; dendrite
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electr/o | electricity
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encephal/o | brain
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gli/o | neuroglia; nerve cell
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hydr/o | water
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mening/o | meninges
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myel/o | spinal cord
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neur/o | nerve
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olig/o | few;diminished
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quadr/i | four
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thec/o | sheath
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thromb/o | clot
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vacul/o | blood vessel
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ventricul/o | ventricle
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dura- | hard
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echo- | sound
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-algia | pain
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-malacia | softening
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-paresis | partial paralysis
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-pathy | disease
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-plegia | paralysis
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cephal/o | head
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-phasia | speech
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anencephaly | congenital absence of brain
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cephalgia | headache
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cerebral thrombosis | clot in cerebral blood vessel
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cerebrovascular accident | stroke
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encephalitis | inflammation of the brain
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encephalomalacia | softening of the brain
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encephalopathy | disease of the brain
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epidural hematoma | collection of blood between the cranium and dura mater
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glioma | tumor of the neuroglia cells
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hemiparesis | temporary paralysis of one side of the body
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hemiplegia | paralysis of one side of the body
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hydrocephalus | accumulation of CSF around the brain. Water on the brain
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meningioma | slow growth tumor of the meninges of the brain
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meningitis | infection or inflammation of the meninges
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meningocele | hernia of the meninges
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meningomyelocele | herniation of the spinal cord and meninges
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myelomalacia | softening of the spinal cord
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neuralgia | nerve pain
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neuritis | inflammation of a nerve
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neuroblastoma | malignant tumor embryonic tissue occurs in young children
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neuropathy | disease of the nerves
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paraplegia | paralysis of the lower half of the body
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polyneuritis | inflammation of many nerves
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quadriplegia | paralysis of all four limbs
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subdural hematoma | a collection of blood below the dura mater
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cerebrospinal fluid analysis | Lab analysis of CSF to detect bacteria, blood and malignant cells
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craniotomy | incision into the skull
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echoencephalography | reading a picture of the structures of the brain using sound waves
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electroencephalogram | record of electrical activity of the brain
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electroencephalography | process of recording electrical activity of the brain
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LP | lumbar puncture
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myelography | process of recording xray of the spinal cord and cavity
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myelogram | xray record of spinal cord and cavity
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neurectomy | surgical removal of nerve
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pneumoencephalography | process of recording ventricles and other fluid filled spaces of CNS
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transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation | pain relief treatment with electrical impulses
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ANS | autonomic nervous system
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CNS | central nervous system
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CP | cerebral palsy
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CSF | cerebrospinal fluid
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CVA | Cerebrovascular accident
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EEG | electroencephalography
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MS | multiple sclerosis
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PNS | peripheral nervous system
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TIA | transient ischemic attack
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conjunctiv/o | conjunctiva
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aque/o | watery
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blast/o | immature
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blephar/o | eyelid
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corne/o | cornea
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dacry/o | tears
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dacryocyst/o | tear sac
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dipl/o | double
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fund/o | fundus; base
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glauc/o | silver; gray
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ir/o; irid/o | iris
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kerat/o | cornea
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lacrim/o | tears
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ocul/o | eye
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ophthalm/o | eye
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opt/o | eye; vision
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palpebr/o | eyelid
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phac/o; phak/o | lens
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phot/o | light
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pupill/o | pupil
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retin/o | retina
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scler/o | sclera; hard
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uve/o | uvea
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vitre/o | glassy; jelly like
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ect- | outside; out
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en-; eso- | in; inward
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ex- | out; outward
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presby- | aging; old
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-metry | to measure
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-opia | vision
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-tropia; -tropion | to turn; turning
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blepharitis | inflammation of the eyelid
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blepharoptosis | drooping of an eyelid
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conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva
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dacryocystitis | inflammation of the tear sac or lacrimal sac
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diabetic retinopathy | disease of the retina caused by diabetes
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diplopia | double vision
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ectropion | turning outward of the eyelash margins
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entropion | turning inward of the eyelash margins
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esotropia | cross eyed
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exophthalmia | protrusion of the eyeballs
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exotropia | wall eyed
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hyperopia | far sightedness
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iritis | inflammation of the iris
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keratitis | inflammation of the cornea
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myopia | near sightedness
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nyctalopia | night blindness
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ophthalmia neonatorum | inflammation of the conjunctiva of a newborn
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photophobia | sensitivity to light
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photoretinitis | damage to the retina due to overexposure to light
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presbyopia | old vision
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retinitis pigmentosa | degenerative disease defective night vision and decreased field of vision
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retinoblastoma | malignant tumor of the retina
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retinopathy | disease of the retina
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sclerokeratitis | inflammation of the sclera and cornea
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strabismus | inability of the eyes to gaze in the same direction because of muscle weakness
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uveitis | inflammation of the iris, ciliary body and choroid
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blepharoplasty | surgical repair of the eyelid
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funduscopy | examination of the interior posterior part of the eye using an ophthalmoscope
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intraocular lens implant | surgical implantation of lens usually done as part of cataract extraction
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iridectomy | removal of a section of the iris
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keratoplasty | surgical repair of the cornea
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ophthalmoscopy | examination of the interior part of the eye
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photoreactive keratectomy | surgical removal of the corneal surface to correct myopia
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radial keratotomy | spoke like incisions in the cornea
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retinal photocoagulation | laser surgery of the retina
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scleral buckling | repair of retinal detachment by folding the sclera
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vitrectomy | removal of the vitreous humor
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OD | right eye
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OS | left eye
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OU | each eye
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PERRLA | pupils equal round, reactive to light and accommodation
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REM | rapid eye movement
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acoust/o | hearing
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audi/o | hearing; sound
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cochle/o | cochlea
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labyrinth/o | inner ear; labyrinth
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laryng/o | larynx
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myc/o | fungus
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myring/o | eardrum
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ot/o | ear
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rhin/o | nose
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staped/o | stapes
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tympan/o | eardrum
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-cusis; -cusia | hearing
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-metry | to measure
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-plasty | surgical repair
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-rrhea | discharge; flow
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acoustic neuroma | benign tumor of the acoustic nerve
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labyrinthitis | inflammation or infection of the inner ear
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myringitis | inflammation of the eardrum
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otalgia | earache
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otitis externa | external ear infection
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otitis media | infection of the middle ear; classic ear infection
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otmycosis | fungal infection of the external auditory meatus
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otorrhea | discharge from the ear
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otosclerosis | ossification of the bones of the middle ear especially the stapes causing tinnitus and deafness
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presbycusis | old hearing
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serous otitis media | middle ear infection with serous fluid behind eardrum
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suppurative otitis media | middle ear infection with pus behind the eardrum
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tympanitis | inflammation of the eardrum
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audiogram | graphic record of hearing
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audiometry | measuring the sense of hearing
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myringoplasty | surgical repair of the eardrum
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myringotomy | incision into the eardrum
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myringotomy and tubes | incision into the eardrum and the placement of tubes
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otoplasty | surgical repair of the ear
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otoscopy | examination of the eardrum using an otoscope
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stapedectomy | removal of the stapes
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tympanoplasty | surgical repair of the eardrum
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tympanotomy | incision into the eardrum
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AD | right ear
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AS | left ear
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AU | each ear
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EENT | eyes, ears, nose, throat
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TM | tympanic membrane
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