Reproductive system CCC PN105
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| gametes | sex cells
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| sperm | male sex cell
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| ova (egg) | female sex cell
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| zygote | when gametes unite; 1 sperm, 1 ova to fertizile
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| male essential organs | gonads (testes)
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| testes produce | sperm
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| male accessory organs | ducts, sex glands, external genitals
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| testes located | in scrotum
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| for survival, testes need | 3 degree lower temp than body
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| spermatogenesis | sperm production
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| sperm production is done in | interstitial cells in testes
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| interstitial cells stimulate.... | protein production anabolisn and development of muscle strength
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| male ducts | passageways
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| types of ducts | epididymis and vas deferens ductus
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| epididymis | 6 m long, where sperm matures and develops while passing through
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| epididymis location | above and behind testes in scrotum
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| vas deferens ductus | receives and transports sperm
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| vas deferens location | over bladder
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| path of sperm | epididymis, vas deferens ductus, ejaculatory duct, urethra
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| male accessory glands function | responsible for production of semen
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| ejaculation | 3-5 mL each time; 100,000,000 sperm included
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| seminal vescicle | produces 60% of semen volume
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| prostate gland | produces 30% of semen volume
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| prostate location | below bladder, urethra passes through it, shaped like a donut
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| bulbourethral gland (Cowpers gland) | size of pea, secretes mucus-like fluid, less than 5$ of seminal fluid
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| male external genitals | penis and scrotum
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| parts of scrotum | testes and epididymis
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| male erectile tissue | 3 columns, 2 dorsal, 1 ventral
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| glans penis | tip of penis covered by prepuce
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| prepuce | foreskin of penis
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| circumcision | removal of foreskin
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| female essential organs | ovaries (gonads)
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| function of ovaries | produce ova
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| female accessory organs | ducts, modified ducts, sex glands, external genitals
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| ovaries | paired glands shaped like large almonds weighing 3g each
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| ovary location | attached to uterus by pelvic ligaments
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| oogenesis | production of ova
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| ovaries glands produce these hormones | estrogen and progesteron
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| female ducts | uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, bartholin gland, breasts
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| uterine tubes (ova ducts) | 10 cm long from uterus, expanded distal end with mucosal line continuous to abdominal cavity
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| uterus | made completely of muscle that expands during pregnancy, size of apple
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| parts of uterus | body, fundus, cervis
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| fundus | pouch shaped, top portion of uterus
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| cervix | narrow, lower portion of uterus
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| location of uterus | in pelvic cavity behind bladder
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| myometrium | muscle layer of uterus
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| endometrium | membrane lining of uterus, shed during menstruation
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| vagina | distendable tube, 10 cm long, between bladder and rectum
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| bartholin gland (greater vestibular gland) | secretes mucous like lubricant, located between labin minora
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| breasts | contain lactiferous ducts that drain at nipple that is surrounded by areola
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| size of breasts | determined by fat quantity, not amount of glandular tissue
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| female external genitals | vulva, perineum
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| parts of vulva | mons pubis, clitoris, vagina, labia minora, labia majora, hymen, orifice of urethra, bartholins gland
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| clitoris | female erectile tissue
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| perineum | area between vaginal opening and anus
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| menstrual cycle | involves many changes in uterus, ovaries, vagina, and breasts
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| menses | first 4-5 days of menstrual cycle, shedding of endometrium with bleeding
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| length of menstrual cycle | 28 days, can vary month to month and individually
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