The Gynecologic Examination and Prenatal Care - Ayana Robinson
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| Abortion | The termination of the pregnancy before the fetus reaches the age of viability (20 weeks)
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| Adnexal | Adjacent.
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| Amenorrhea | The absence of cessation of the menstrual period. Amenorrhea occurs normally before puberty, during pregnancy, and after menopause.
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| Atypical | Deviation from the normal.
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| Braxton Hicks contractions | Intermittent and irregular painless uterine contractions that occur throughout pregnancy. They occur more frequently toward the end of the pregnancy and are sometimes mistaken for true labor pains.
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| Cervix | The lower narrow end of the uterus that opens into the vagina.
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| Coposcopy | Examination of the cervix using th colposcope (a lighted instrument with a magnifying lens.)
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| Cytology | The science that deals with the study of cells, including their origin, structure, function, and pathology.
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| Dilation (of the cervix) | The strethching of the external is from an opening a few millimeters wide to an opening large enough to allow the passage of an infant (approximately 10 cm)
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| Dysmenorrhea | Pain associated with the menstrual period.
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| Dyspareuina | Pain i nthe vagina or pelxis experienced by a woman during sexual intercourse.
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| Dysplasia | The growth of abnormal cells. Dysplasia is a precancerous condition that mayor may not develop into cancer.
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| Ectocervix | The part of the cervix that projects into the vagina and is lined with satified squamous epithelium.
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| Effacement | The thinning and shortining of the cervical canal from its normal length of 1 to 2 cm to a structure with paper-thin edges in which their is no canal at all. Effacement occurs late in pregnancy, during labor, or both. The purpose of the effacement along w
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| Embryo | The child in the utero from the time of conception to the beginning of the first trimester.
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| Endocervix | The mucous membrane lining the cervical canal.
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| Engagement | The entrance of the fetal head or the presenting part into the pelvic inlet.
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| Expected date of delivery (EDD) | Projected birth dat of the infant.
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| External os | The opening of the cervical canal of the uterus into the vagina.
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| Fetal heart rate | The number of times per minute the fetal heart beats.
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| Fetal heart tones | The sounds of the heartbeat of the fetus heard through the mother's abdominal wall.
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| Fetus | The child in utero from the the third month after conception to birth; during the first 2 months of development, it is called embryo.
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| Fundus | The some-shaped upper portion of the uterus between the fallopian tubes.
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| Gestation | The period of intrauterine development from conception to birth; the period of preganacy. The average preganacy lasts about 280 days, or 40 weeks, from the date of conception to childbirth.
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| Gestational age | The age of the fetus beween conception and birth.
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| Gravidity | The toal number of pregnancies a woman has had regardless of duration, including a current pregnancy.
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| Gyencology | The branch of medicine that deals with the disease of reproductive organs of women.
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| Infant | A child from birth to 12 months of age.
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| Internal os | The internal opening of the cervical canal into the uterus.
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| Lochia | A discharge from the uterus after delivery that consists of blood, tissue, white blood cells, and some bacteria.
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| Menopause | The oermanent cessation o mensuration, ehich usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55.
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| Menorrhagia | Excessive bleeding during a mnstrual period, in the number of days or the amount of blood or both. Also called dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)
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| Metrorrhagia | Bleeding between menstrual periods.
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| Multigravida | A woman who has been pregnant more than once.
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| Multipara | A woman who has completed two or more pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartal period.
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| Nullipara | A woman who has not carried a pregancy to the point of fetal vabitily (20 weeks if gestation).
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| Obstetrics | The branch of medicine concerned with the care of the woman during pregnany, childbirth, and the pospatal period.
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| Parity | The condition of having borne offspring regualrdless of the outcome.
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| Perimenopause | Before the onset of menopause, the pahse during which the woman with regualr periods changes to irregualr cycles and increased periods of amenorrhea.
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| Perineum | The external region between the vaginal orifice and the anus in the female an between the scrotum anf the anus in the male.
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| Position | The relation of the presenting part of the fetus to the maternal pelvis.
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| Postpartum | Occuring after childbirth.
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| Preeclampsia | A majot complication of pregnancy, the cause of which is unknown, characterzied by increasing hypertension, albuminuria, and edema. If the condition is neglected or is not treated properly, it may develop in eclampsia, which could cause maternal convulsio
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| Prenatal | Before birth.
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| Presentation | Indication of the part of the fetus that is closest to the cervix and is delivered first. A cephalic presentation is a delivery in which the fetal head is presenting against the cervix. A breech presentation is delivery in which the buttocks to feet are p
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| Preterm birth | Delivery occuring between 20 nd 37 weeks of gestation regardless of whether the child was born alive or stillborn.
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| Primigravida | A woman who is pregnant for the first time.
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| Primipara | A woman who has carried a pregancy to fetal viability (20 weeks of gestation) for the first time regardless of wether the infant was stillborn or alive at birth.
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| Puerperium | The period of time, usually 4 to 6 weeks after delivery, in which the uterus and the body system and returning to normal
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| Quickening | The first movements of the fetus in utero as felt by the mother, which usually occur between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation and are felt consistently thereafter.
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| Risk factor | Anyting that increases an individual's chance of developing adisease. Some risk factors (e.g., smoking) can be avoided, but others cannot (e.g., age and family history).
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| Term birth | Delivery occuring after 37 weeks of gestation regardless of whether the infant was born alive or stillborn.
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| Toxemia | A condition that can occur in pregnant woman that includes preeclampsia and eclampsia. If preeclampsia goes undiagnosed or is not satisfactorily controlled, it could develop into eclampsia, charaterized by onculsions and coma.
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| Trimester | Three months, or one third, of the gestational period of pregnancy.
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| Vulva | The region of the external female genital organs.
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