| Term | Definition |
| a- , an- | (absence of, without) |
| dys- | (painful, difficult, abnormal, labored) |
| endo- | (within) |
| peri- | (surrounding) |
| arche/o | (first, beginning) |
| cervic/o | (cervix) |
| colp/o , vulv/o | (vagina) |
| endometri/o | (endometrium) |
| episi/o | (vulva) |
| gyn/o , gynec/o | (woman) |
| hymen/o | (hymen) |
| hyster/o , metr/o , metr/i | (uterus) |
| mamm/o , mast/o | (breast) |
| men/o | (menstruation) |
| oophor/o | (ovary) |
| pelv/i | (pelvis, pelvic bones, pelvic cavity) |
| perine/o | (perineum) |
| salping/o | (uterine tube, fallopian tube) |
| trachel/o | (cervix) |
| vagin/o | (vagina) |
| -al | (pertaining to) |
| -atresia | (occlusion, closure) |
| -clesis | (surgical closure) |
| -ectomy | (excision, surgical removal) |
| -gram | (the record, radiographic image) |
| -graphy | (process of recording, radiographic imaging) |
| -itis | (inflammation) |
| -logist | (specialist or physician who studies and treats) |
| -logy | (study of) |
| -osis | (abnormal condition) |
| -pexy | (surgical fixation, suspension) |
| -plasty | (surgical repair) |
| -rrhaphy | (suturing, repairing) |
| -rrhea | (flow, discharge) |
| -salpinx | (uterine tube) |
| -scope | (instrument used for visual examination) |
| -scopy | (visually examining) |
| -tomy | (cut into, incision) |
| amenorrhea
(ā-men-ŏ-RĒ-ă) | a/men/o/rrhea
absence of menstrual flow |
| cervicitis
(sĕr-vĭ-SĪ-tĭs) | cervic/itis
inflammation of the cervix |
| colpocleisis
(kol-pō-KLĪ-sĭs) | colp/o/cleisis
surgical closure of the vagina |
| colpoperineorrhaphy
(kol-pō-per-ĭ-nē-OR-ă-fē) | colp/o/perine/o/rrhaphy
suturing of the vagina and the perineum |
| colpoplasty
(KŎL-pō-plăs-tē) | colp/o/plasty
surgical repair of the vagina |
| colporrhaphy
(kol-POR-ă-fē) | colp/o/rrhaphy
suturing of (a tear in) the vagina |
| colposcope
(KŎL-pō-skōp) | colp/o/scope
instrument used to view the vulva |
| colposcopy
(kŏl-PŎS-kō-pē) | colp/o/scopy
process of viewing the vagina |
| dysmenorrhea
(dis-men-ŏ-RĒ-ă) | dys/men/o/rrhea
painful menstrual flow |
| endocervical
(en-dō-SĔR-vi-kăl) | endo/cervic/al
pertaining to within the cervix |
| endometritis
(e-dō-mĕ-TRĪT-is) | endometr/itis
inflammation of the endometrium |
| endometriosis
(en-dō-mē-trē-Ō-sĭs) | endometri/osis
abnormal condition of the endometrium |
| episioperineoplasty
(i-piz-ē-ō-per-ĭ-NĒ-ō-plas-tē) | episi/o/perine/o/plasty
surgical repair of the vulva and the perineum |
| episiorrhaphy
(epē-sē-OR-ă-fē) | episi/o/rrhaphy
suturing of the vulva |
| gynecologist
(gīn-ĕ-KOL-ŏ-jĭst) | gynec/o/logist
specialist or physician who studies and treats disorders and diseases of women |
| gynecology
(gī-nĕ-KOL-ŏ-jē) | gynec/o/logy
study of women |
| gynopathic
(gī-nō-PATH-ĭk) | gyn/o/path/ic
pertaining to the women |
| hematosalpinx
(hē-măt-ŏ-SAL-pingks) | hemat/o/salpinx
blood in the uterine/fallopian tube |
| hydrosalpinx
(hī-drō-SĂL-pĭnks) | hydro/salpinx
water in the uterine/fallopian tube |
| hymenectomy
(hī-mĕn-ĔK-tō-mē) | hymen/ectomy
excision of the hymen |
| hymenotomy
(hī-mĕ-NOT-ŏ-mē) | hymen/o/tomy
incision into the hymen |
| hysterectomy
(his-tĕ-REK-tŏ-mē) | hyster/ectomy
excision of the uterus |
| hysteropexy
(his-tĕ-RŌ-pĕks-ē) | hyster/o/pexy
surgical fixation of the uterus |
| hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy
(hist-ĕ-rō-sal-ping-gō-ō-ŏ-fŏ-REK-tŏ-mē) | hyster/o/salping/o/-oophor/ectomy
excision of the uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries |
| hysterosalpingogram (HSG)
(his-tĕ-rō-sal-PING-ō-gram) | hyster/o/salping/o/gram
radiographic image of the uterus and uterine tubes |
| hysteroscope
(HIS-tĕ-rō-skōp) | hyster/o/scope
instrument used for visual examination of the uterus |
| hysteroscopy
(his-tĕ-ROS-kŏ-pē) | hyster/o/scopy
visual examination of the uterus |
| leukorrhea
(loo-kŏ-RĒ-ă) | leuk/o/rrhea
white discharge |
| mammogram
(MĂM-ō-grăm) | mamm/o/gram
radiographic image of the breast |
| mammography
(ma-MOG-ră-fē) | mamm/o/graphy
radiographic imaging of the breast |
| mammoplasty
(MAM-ă-plas-tē) | mamm/o/plasty
surgical repair of the breast |
| mastalgia
(mas-TAL-jă) | mast/algia
pain in the breast |
| mastectomy
(mas-TEK-tŏ-mē) | mast/ectomy
surgical removal of the breast |
| mastitis
(mas-TĪT-ĭs) | mast/itis
inflammation of the breast |
| mastopexy
(MAS-tŏ-pek-sē) | mast/o/pexy
surgical fixation of the breast |
| menarche
(mĕn-ĂR-kē) | men/arche
beginning of menstruation |
| menometrorrhagia
(mĕn-ō-mĕt-rō-RĀ-jē-ă) | men/o/metr/o/rrhagia
excessive bleeding from the uterus at menstruation |
| menorrhagia
(mĕn-ō-RĀ-jē-ă) | men/o/rrhagia
excessive bleeding at menstruation |
| metrorrhagia
(mē-trō-RĀ-jă) | metr/o/rrhagia
excessive bleeding from the uterus |
| myometritis
(mī-ō-mē-TRĪ-tĭs) | my/o/metr/itis
inflammation of the uterine muscle |
| oligomenorrhea
(ŏl-ĭ-gō-mĕn-ō-RĒ-ă) | olig/o/men/o/rrhea
scanty menstrual flow |
| oophorectomy
(ō-ŏ-fŏ-REK-tŏ-mē) | oophor/ectomy
excision of the ovary |
| oophoritis
(ō-ŏf-ō-RĪ-tĭs) | oophor/itis
inflammation of the ovary |
| pelviscopic
(pĕl-VĬS-kŭ-pĭk) | pelv/i/scop/ic
pertaining to visual examination of the pelvic cavity |
| pelviscopy
(pĕl-VĬS-kŭ-pē) | pelv/i/scopy
visual examination of the pelvic cavity |
| perimetritis
(per-ĭ-mē-TRĪT-ĭs) | peri/metr/itis
inflammation surrounding the uterus |
| perineorrhaphy
(pĕr-ĭ-nē-OR-ă-fē) | perine/o/rrhaphy
suturing of (a tear in) the perineum |
| pyosalpinx
(pī-ō-SĂL-pĭnks) | py/o/salpinx
pus in the uterine/fallopian tube |
| salpingectomy
(sal-pĭn-JEK-tŏ-mē) | salping/ectomy
excision of the uterine/fallopian tube |
| salpingitis
(săl-pĭn-JĪ-tĭs) | salping/itis
inflammation of a fallopian/uterine tube |
| salpingo-oophorectomy
(săl-pĭng-gō-ō-ŏf-ō-RĔK-tō-mē) | salping/o/-oophor/ectomy
excision of the uterine tube and ovary |
| salpingostomy
(săl-pĭng-ŎS-tō-mē) | salping/o/stomy
creation of an artificial opening in the uterine tube |
| sonohysterography (SHG)
(sō-nō-his-tĕ-ROG-ră-fē) | son/o/hyster/o/graphy (SHG)
process of recording the uterus by use of sound |
| trachelectomy
(trak-ĕ-LEK-tŏ-mē) | trachel/ectomy
excision of the cervix |
| trachelorrhaphy
(trā-kĕl-OR-ă-fē) | trachel/o/rrhaphy
suturing of the cervix |
| vaginal
(VAJ-ĭn-ăl) | vagin/al
pertaining to the vagina |
| vaginitis
(vaj-ĭ-NĪT-ĭs) | vagin/itis
inflammation of the vagina |
| vaginosis
(vaj-ĭ-NŌ-sĭs) | vagin/osis
abnormal condition of the vagina |
| vesicovaginal
(vĕs-ĭ-kō-VĂJ-ĭ-năl) | vesic/o/vagin/al
pertaining to the bladder and the vagina |
| vulvovaginitis
(vŭl-vō-văj-ĭ-NĪ-tĭs) | vulv/o/vagin/itis
inflammation of the vulva and vagina |
| vulvectomy
(vŭl-VĔK-tō-mē) | vulv/ectomy
excision of the vulva |
| vulvovaginal
(vŭl-vō-VĂJ-ĭ-năl) | vulv/o/vagin/al
pertaining to the vulva and vagina |
| adenomyosis
(ad-ĕ-nō-mī-Ō-sis) | growth of endometrium into the other muscular portion of the uterus |
| anovulation
(an-ov-yŭ-LĀ-shŏn) | absence of ovulation |
| Bartholin's glands
(BAR-tō-lĭns glăns) | Also known as greater vestibular glands they are responsible to secrete mucus to keep the vestibular area moist |
| breast cancer
(brest KAN-sĕr) | malignant tumor of the breast |
| cervical cancer
(SĔR-vi-kăl KAN-sĕr) | malignant tumor of the cervix, which progresses from cervical dysplasia to carcinoma. Its cause is linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. |
| contraception
(kon-tră-SEP-shŏn) | intentional prevention of conception (pregnancy) |
| dyspareunia
(dis-pă-ROO-nē-ă) | difficult or painful intercourse |
| endometrial cancer
(en-dō-MĒ-trē-ăl KAN-sĕr) | malignant tumor of the endometrium (also called uterine cancer) |
| fibrocystic breast changes (FCC)
(fī-brō-SĬS-tĭk brest) | fibrosis, benign cysts, and pain or tenderness in one or both breasts (also called fibrocystic breasts) |
| fistula
(FIS-chŭ-lă) | abnormal passageway between two organs or an internal organ and the body surface |
| hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) | replacement of hormones, estrogen, and progesterone, typically to treat symptoms associated with menopause |
| menopause
(MEN-ŏ-poz) | cessation of menstruation |
| oligoovulation
(ol-i-gō-ov-yŭ-LĀ-shŏn) | infrequent ovulation |
| ovarian cancer
(ō-VAR-ē-ăn KAN-sĕr) | malignant tumor of the ovary |
| ovulation
(ov-yŭ-LĀ-shŏn) | release of ovum from a mature graafian follicle |
| papanicolaou Smear
(păp-ă-NĒ-kă-low smēr) | PAP test
A smear method for examining cells, that is used to detect cancers of the cervix |
| pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) | inflammation of some or all of the female pelvic organs |
| polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
(pŏl-ē-SĬS-tĭk Ō-vă-rē SĬN-drōm) | condition typically characterized by hormonal imbalances, ovulatory dysfunction, and multiple ovarian cysts. |
| premenstrual syndrome
(prē-MĔN-stroo-ăl SĬN-drōm) | syndrome involving physical and emotional symptoms occurring up to 10 days before menstruation. Symptoms include nervous tension, irritability, mastalgia, edema, and headache. |
| prolapse
(PRŌ-laps) | displacement of an organ or anatomic structure from its normal position |
| speculum
(SPEK-yŭ-lŭm) | instrument for opening a body cavity to allow visual inspection |
| toxic shock syndrome | severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea, and myalgia followed by hypotension and, in severe cases, shock and death. Typically occurs in women using tampons and caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes |
| tubal ligation
(TOO-băl lī-GĀ-shŏn) | surgical closure of the fallopian tubes for sterilization |
| uterine fibroid
(ŪT-ĕ-rīn FIB-royd) | benign tumor of the uterine muscle |
| uterine prolapse
(ŪT-ĕ-rīn PRŌ-laps) | downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina |
| vaginal fistula
(VAJ-ĭn-ăl FIS-chŭ-lă) | abnormal opening between the vagina and another organ, such as the urinary bladder, colon, or rectum |
