| Question | Answer |
| Generic Name
2-3 Brand Names
Adult Dosages
Route of Administration (list all)
3-4 Side Effects | Therapeutic Classification
Uses/Indications
Contraindications |
| Generic Name: metoprolol tartrate
Brand Names: Lopressor, Toprol XL, Betaloc
Adult Dosages & Routes: MI: IV 5 mg q2min for 3 dose, f/u w/ PO 50 mg q6h for 48 hr, then 100 mg bid
Side Effects: insomnia, bradycardia, hypoglycemia, SOB | Therapeutic Class.: adrenergic antagonist, antihypertensive
Use: hypertension, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, CHF
Contraindications: cardiogenic shock, heart block >1, pregnancy, lactation |
| Generic Name: epinephrine
Brand Names: Epi EZ Pen, EpiPen Auto-Injector
Adult Dosage & Route: anaphylaxis SC 0.1-0.5mL of 1:1000q 10-15min prn; asthma inhale 1 q4h prn
Side Effects: tremor, palpitation, MI | Therapeutic Class.: adrenergic agonist, bronchodilator
Use: bronchospasm, asthma, CV block syncope, anaphylaxis, open-angle glaucoma
Contraindications: narrow-angle glaucoma, cardiogenic shock, cerebral arteriosclerosis, 2nd labor stage |
| Generic Name: codeine
Brand Names: no brand indicated
Adult Dosage & Route: analgesic PO/IM/SC 15-60mg qid; antitussive PO 10-20mg q4-6hprn max: 120mg/24h
Side Effects: SOB, hypotension, nausea, constipation, rash, urinary retention | Therapeutic Class.: opiate analgesic, antitussive
Use: severe pain, cough suppressant
Contraindications: acute asthma, COPD, head injury, acute alcoholism, hepatic & renal disfunction, hypothyroidism, pregnancy C, lactation |
| Generic Name: magnesium hydroxide
Brand Names: MOM, Magnesia Magma
Adult Dosage & Route: laxative PO 2.4-4.8 g 30-60 mL/d in 1 or more div. dose
Side Effects: abd. cramps, diarrhea, mental depression, electrolyte imbalance, hypotension | Therapeutic Class.: Antacid, GI agent
Use: GI hyperacidity, constipation, arsenic & mineral acid poisoning
Contraindications: abd. pain, nausea, severe kidney dysfunction, colostomy, lactation. |
| Generic Name: mebendazole
Brand Names: Vermox
Adult Dosage & Route: enterobiasis (PO 100 mg 1 dose), other infestation (PO 100 mg bid for 3 d)
Side Effects: transient abd. pain, diarrhea, dizziness, fever | Therapeutic Class.: anti-infective, anthelmintic
Use: de-worming (whipworm, pinworm, roundworm, hookworm) in single or mixed infections.
Contraindications: pregnancy C, lactation, child <2 y |
| Generic Name: nitroglycerin
Brand Names: Nitrol, Tridil, Nitrostat
Adult Dosage & Route: Angina SL 0.3-0.6 mg tab q3-5min prn, max 3 dose/15min; PO 1.3-9mg q8-12h; Top apply 1.5-5cm ointment q4-6h
Side Effects: headache, pallor, abd. pain, nausea | Therapeutic Class.: antianginal agent, nitrate vasodilator
Use: angina pectoris, perioperative hypertension, MI assoc. CHF
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, severe anemia, incr. ICP, glaucoma, pericardial tamponade, pregnancy C, lactation |
| Generic Name: diazepam
Brand Names: Valium, Diastat
Adult Dosage & Route: epilepticus IV/IM 5-10mg, rep. 10-15min prn up to 30 mg, rep. q2-4h prn; Others PO 2-10mg bid to qid, IV/IM 2-10mg prn q3-4 h
Side Effects: drowsiness, throat, chest pain | Therapeutic Class.: anxiolytic, anticonvulsant
Use: epilepticus, anxiety, amnesic, alcohol withdrawal
Contraindications: IV/IM (shock, coma, acute VS depression, pregnancy, infant <30d), Tab (w/in 14d of MAO inhibitor), lactation |
| Generic Name: amiodarone hydrochloride
Brand Names: Cordarone, Pacerone
Adult Dosage & Route: PO load 800-1600mg/d in 1-2 dose for 1-3 wk, PO maintenance 400-600mg/d in 1-2 dose
Side Effects: fatigue, hypotension, nausea, photosensitivity | Therapeutic Class.: antiarrhythmic (III)
Use: ventricular & supraventricular arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation)
Contraindications: cardiogenic shock, bradycardia, QR prolongation syndromes, torsade de pointes, pregnancy D, lactation |
| Generic Name: erythromycin
Brand Names: PCE, E-Mycin, EryTab
Adult Dosage & Route: Infection PO 250–500mg q6h; 333 mg q8h; chlamydia PO 500 mg qid or 666 mg q8h
Side Effects: Nausea, abd. cramping, Ototoxicity, Erythema | Therapeutic Class.: anti-infective, antibiotic
Use: pneumonia, acute PID, STIs, strep, bacterial endocarditis, acne
Contraindications: liver dysfunction, erythromycin-associated hepatitis |
| Generic Name: warfarin sodium
Brand Names: Coumadin, Panwarfarin
Adult Dosage & Route: PO/IV 10–15mg/d for 2–5d, then 2–10mg 1/d with dose adjusted to maintain PT 1.2–2 times control or INR of 2–3
Side Effects: hemorrhage, dermatitis, fever | Therapeutic Class.: anticoagulant
Use: DVT, pulmonary embolism, coronary occlusion, TIAs, rodenticide
Contraindications: Vitamin C & K deficiency, hemophilia, peptic ulcer, hypertension, severe hepatic or renal disease |
| Generic Name: phenobarbital
Brand Names: Barbital, Luminal
Adult Dosage & Route: anticonvulsant PO 100–300mg/d IV/IM 200–600mg up to 20mg/kg; sedative PO 30–120 mg/d IV/IM 100–200 mg/d
Side Effects: nightmares, "hangover", myalgia, neuralgia | Therapeutic Class.: anticonvulsant, sedative, barbiturate
Use: seizures, eclampsia, anxiety, pediatric sedation
Contraindications: porphyria, severe respiratory & kidney disease, uncontrolled pain, pregnancy D, lactation |
| Generic Name: fluoxetine hydrochloride
Brand Names: Prozac, Sarafem
Adult Dosage & Route: PMDD PO 10–20mg qd max 60mg/d; bulimia nervosa PO 60 mg qd
Side Effects: anxiety, insomnia, blurred vision, sexual dysfunction | Therapeutic Class.: antidepressant
Use: depression, OCD, bulimia, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
Contraindications: concurrent w/ MAOIs, pregnancy C, OCD children <7y , Depression children <8y |
| Generic Name: diphenoxylate hydrochloride w/ atropine sulfate
Brand Names: Lomotil, Diphenidol
Adult Dosage & Route: PO 5 mL tid-qid, 5mL contains 2.5mg diphenoxylate & 0.025mg atropine)
Side Effects: hypersensitivity, toxicity, sedation | Therapeutic Class.: GI agent, antidiarrheal
Use: diarrhea
Contraindications: severe dehydration, advanced liver disease, glaucoma, child. <2y, pregnancy C, lactation |
| Generic Name: dimenhydrinate
Brand Names: Calm-X, Dramamine
Adult Dosage & Route: Motion Sickness PO 50–100mg q4–6h max: 400mg/24 h IV/IM 50mg prn
Side Effects: drowsiness, insomnia, dysuria, hypotension, urinary frequency | Therapeutic Class.: antihistamine, antiemetic, antivertigo
Use: motion sickness, vertigo, nausea, anesthesia
Contraindications: narrow-angle glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy |
| Generic Name: ketoconazole
Brand Names: Nizoral
Adult Dosage & Route: Fungal PO 200–400mg/d; dandruff Top shampoo biw for 4 wk with 3d between application
Side Effects: gynecomastia, nausea, loss of libido, oligospermia | Therapeutic Class.: anti-infective, antibiotic, antifungal
Use: PO (fungal infection), Top (ringworm, dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis
Contraindications: chronic alcoholism, fungal meningitis, onychomycosis, pregnancy C, lactation |
| Generic Name: loratadine
Brand Names: Claritin, Alavert
Adult Dosage Route: PO 10mg/d on an empty stomach; patients with hepatopathy 10mg every other day
Side Effects: hypotension, flatulence, weight gain, blurred vision, dizziness, rash | Therapeutic Class.: antihistamine (non-sedating)
Use: seasonal allergic rhinitis, idiopathic chronic urticaria
Contraindications: hypersensitivity to loratadine |
| Generic Name: prazosin hydrochloride
Brand Names: Minipress
Adult Dosage & Route: PO start 1mg hs, then 1mg bid. or tid, may incr. to 20mg/d in div. doses
Side Effects: syncope, edema, dizziness, headache, drowsiness, urinary frequency | Therapeutic Class.: alpha adrenergic antagonist, antihypertensive, vasodilator
Use: hypertension, severe refractory congestive heart failure, Raynaud's disease
Contraindications: pregnancy C, lactation |
| Generic Name: aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)
Brand Names: ASA, Bayer
Adult Dosage & Route: Pain PO/PR 350–650mg q4h max: 4g/d; Arthritis PO 3.6–5.4g/d in 4–6 div. doses; TIA PO 650mg bid; MI PO 80-325mg/d
Side Effects: heartburn, ulcer, bleeding | Therapeutic Class.: analgesic, antipyretic, antiplatelet
Use: pain, fever, anti-clotting, inflammation, systemic Lupus
Contraindications: chronic urticaria, GI ulceration, vit K deficiency, hemophilia, CHF, Pregnancy D, lactation |
| Generic Name: simvastatin
Brand Names: Zocor
Adult Dosage & Route: PO 5–40mg qd max: 80mg qd. Pt taking danazol or cyclosporine should not exceed 10mg qd
Side Effects: angina, flatulence, fatigue, vertigo, nausea | Therapeutic Class.: antilipemic
Use: hypercholesterolemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, reduce risk of coronary death
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, active liver disease, alcoholics, pregnancy X |
| Generic Name: cyclophosphamide
Brand Names: Cytoxan, Neosar
Adult Dosage & Route: Neoplasm PO initial: 1–5mg/kg/d, maintenance: 1–5mg/kg q7–10d; RA PO 1.5–2.5mg/kg/d in combination
Side Effects: vomiting, leukopenia, sterility, alopecia, anemia | Therapeutic Class.: antineoplastic
Use: chemotherapy, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis, STE
Contraindications: men and women in childbearing years, serious infection, live virus vaccine, myelosuppression, pregnancy, lactation |
| Generic Name: acetaminophen
Brand Names: APAP, Datril Extra Strength, Tylenol
Adult Dosage & Route: PO 325-650 mg q4-6h (max 4 g/d), PR 650 mg q4-6h (max 4 g/d)
Side Effects: rash, lethargy, hepatotoxicity, leukopenia | Therapeutic Class.: analgesic, antipyretic
Use: pain, fever, acute poisoning
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, use with alcohol, hepatotoxicity, diaphoresis, chills |
| Generic Name: guaifenesin
Brand Names: Mucinex, Robitussin
Adult Dosage & Route: PO 200–400mg q4h up to 2.4 g/d
Side Effects: low incidence of nausea, drowsiness | Therapeutic Class.: antitussive, expectorant
Use: cough suppressant, bronchitis, colds
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, pregnancy C, lactation |
| Generic Name: acyclovir
Brand Names: Acycloguanosine, Zovirax
Adult Dosage & Route: HS1 Top apply 5times/d for 4d; HS2 PO 200mg q4h 5times/d, 400mg tid for 7-10d, Top apply q3h 6times/d for 7d
Side Effects: headache, nausea, rash, tremors | Therapeutic Class.: anti-infective, antiviral
Use: HSV 1& 2, herpes varicella, herpes zoster
Contraindications: hypersensitivity to acyclovir and valacyclovir |
| Generic Name: albuterol
Brand Names: Ventolin, Proventil, Volmax
Adult Dosage & Route: PO 2-4mg tid or qid, sustained release bid, Inhale 1-2 times q4-6h
Side Effects: Tremors, palpitations, hypertension, hypotension | Therapeutic Class.: bronchodilator
Use: brochospasm, asthma, bronchitis, reversible obstructive airway diseases
Contraindications: pregnancy C, lactation, oral syrup in child <2y |
| Generic Name: digoxin
Brand Names: Lanoxicaps, Lanoxin
Adult Dosage & Route: Digitizing Dose PO 10–15mcg/kg in div. doses over 24-48h ; Maintenance dose PO/IV 0.1–0.375mg/d
Side Effects: diarrhea, diaphoresis, dysphagia, mental depression | Therapeutic Class.: anti-arrhythmic
Use: VHF, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
Contraindications: V Fib, ventricular tachycardia, |
| Generic Name: atropine sulfate
Brand Names: Atropisol, Isopto Atropine
Adult Dosage & Route: Preanesthesia IV/IM/SC 0.2-1mg 30-60min before surgery; OP Antidote IV/IM 1–2mg q5–60min until s/sx subside max 50mg
Side Effects: VF, rash, anhidrosis | Therapeutic Class.: anti-cholinergic, antimuscarinic
Use: paranesthesia, arrhythmias, organophosphate (OP) antidote, COPD
Contraindications: obstructive uropathy, severe ulcerative colitis, acute hemorrhage |
| Generic Name: neostigmine bromide
Brand Names: Prostigmin
Adult Dosage & Route: Tx MG PO 15–375mg/d in 3–6 div. doses IM/IV/SC 0.5–2.5mg q1–3h; post-op IM/SC 0.25mg q4–6h for 2–3d
Side Effects: high BP, paralysis, pallor, twitching | Therapeutic Class.: cholinergic agent
Use: post-op abd, distention & urinary retention, myasthenia gravis (MG), reverse muscle relaxants
Contraindications: bradycardia, hypotension, peritonitis, pregnancy C, lactation |
| Generic Name: pseudoephedrine hydrochloride
Brand Names: PediaCare, Sudafed, Sudrin
Adult Dosage & Route: nasal congestion PO 60mg q4–6h or 120 mg sustained release q12h
Side Effects: tachycardia, nervousness, insomnia, dry mouth, nausea | Therapeutic Class.: adrenergic agonist, decongestant
Use: nasal congestion, , rhinitis, coryza (hay fever), sinusitis, eustachian tube congestion
Contraindications: severe hypertension, CAD, within 14d of MAOs, pregnancy C, lactation, child <6y |
| Generic Name: furosemide
Brand Names: Fumide, Lasix
Adult Dosage & Route: edema PO 20–80mg in 1 or more div. doses max 600mg/d; HBP PO 10–40mg bid max: 480mg/d
Side Effects: glycosuria, jaundice, dehydration, blurred vision, elevated BUN | Therapeutic Class.: diuretic
Use: Edema, CHF, hepatocirrhosis, HBP
Contraindications: increasing oliguria, anuria, fluid and electrolyte depletion states; hepatic coma; pregnancy C, lactation |
| Generic Name: ipecacuanha
Brand Names: Ipecac Syrup
Adult Dosage & Route: emergency emesis PO 30mL f/u 8 oz glass of water, repeat once in 20 min prn
Side Effects: convulsions, cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, diarrhea, ipecac overdose | Therapeutic Class.: emetic, GI agent
Use: induce vomiting, Poisoning
Contraindications: inebriated, deep sedation, shock, depressed gag reflex, arteriosclerosis, impaired cardiac function, seizures |
| Generic Name: cimetidine
Brand Names: Tagamet, Peptol
Adult Dosage & Route: gastric ulcer PO 300mg qid meals and hs IM/IV 300mg q6–8h; heartburn PO 200mg 2-4 times/d
Side Effects: diarrhea, hypospermia, paranoid psychosis, rash | Therapeutic Class.: antacid, GI agent
Use: duodenal ulcer, benign gastric ulcer, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, heartburn
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, pregnancy B, lactation |
| Generic Name: medroxyprogesterone acetate
Brand Names: Depo-Provera, Cycrin
Adult Dosage & Route: contraceptive IM 100mg q3mo, carcinoma IM 400–1000mg/wk; continue 400mg/mo if improved
Side Effects: depression, hypertension, breakthrough bleeding | Therapeutic Class.: hormone, progestin
Use: contraception, dysmenorrhea, secondary amenorrhea, metastatic endometrial or renal carcinoma
Contraindications: Hx of thromboembolic disorder, pregnancy X, lactation |
| Generic Name: Insulin, Isophane (NPH)
Brand Names: Humulin N, Novolin 70/30
Adult Dosage & Route: SC Individualized doses 30min before first meal. 2nd smaller dose Rx 30min before supper or hs prn.
Side Effects: hypoglycemia, coma, pallor, ataxia | Therapeutic Class.: antidiabetic agent
Use: hyperglycemia, diabetes
Contraindications: during hypoglycemia or sensitivity to any formulation ingredients |
| Generic Name: doxapram hydrochloride
Brand Names: Dopram
Adult Dosage & Route: COPD IV 1–2mg/min max 2h max: rate 3mg/min
Side Effects: involuntary movement, hyperpyrexia, laryngospasm, PVC, albuminuria, dyspnea | Therapeutic Class.: stimulant
Use: postanesthesia, COPD, drug-induced CNS depression
Contraindications: epilepsy, pulmonary fibrosis, flail chest, severe hypertension, CVA |
| Generic Name: levothyroxine sodium
Brand Names: Levoxyl, Synthroid
Adult Dosage & Route: thyroid replacement PO 25–50mcg/d, gradually increased by 50–100mcg q1–4wk to usual dose of 100–400mcg/d
Side Effects: insomnia, nausea, weight loss, fever | Therapeutic Class.: thyroid agent
Use: thyroid hormone replacement therapy, myxedematous coma
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, thyrotoxicosis, severe CV conditions, adrenal insufficiency |
| My OTC & Rx Meds at Home | |
| Generic Name: Ibuprofen
Brand Names: Advil, Motrin, Pamprin-IB
Adult Dosage & Route: inflammation PO 400–800mg tid or qid max: 3200mg/d; pain/dysmenorrhea PO 400mg q4–6h max 1200mg/d
Side Effects: hypertension, heartburn, nausea, depression | Therapeutic Class.: NSAID, analgesic, antipyretic
Use: chronic RA & OA, pain, dysmenorrhea, fever
Contraindications: urticaria, severe rhinitis, angioedema, bronchospasms. |
| Generic Name: ondansetron hydrochloride
Brand Names: Zofran
Adult Dosage & Route: post-op PO 8–16mg 1h preop IM 4mg stat prior to anesthesia or once postop if pt has nausea/vomiting shortly after surgery
Side Effects: headache, sedation, diarrhea | Therapeutic Class.: anti-emetic, GI agent
Use: prevents nausea and vomiting
Contraindications: hypersensitivity |
| Generic Name: promethazine hydrochloride
Brand Names: Phenergan, Prorex
Adult Dosage & Route: motion sick PO/PR/IM/IV 25mg bid; nausea PO/PR/IM/IV 12.5–25mg q4–6h prn
Side Effects: sedation, nausea, vomiting, leukopenia, blurred vision | Therapeutic Class.: antiemetic, antivertigo, GI agent
Use: allergies, nausea, sedation, motion sickness
Contraindications: epilepsy, bone marrow depression, coma, pregnancy C, lactation, child <2y, Reye's Syndrome, hepatopathy |
| Generic Name: diphenhydramine hydrochloride
Brand Names: Benadryl, Diphen, Tusstat
Adult Dosage & Route: allergy PO 25–50mg tid or qid max: 300 mg/d IV/IM 10–50mg q4–6h max: 400mg/d
Side Effects: drowsiness, euphoria, insomnia | Therapeutic Class.: antihistamine
Use: allergies, motion sickness, vertigo, cough, nighttime sedation
Contraindications: low respiratory tract symptoms, GI obstruction, pregnancy C, lactation, hs sedation in child <12y |
| Generic Name: diclofenac sodium
Brand Names: Voltaren, Solaraze
Adult Dosage & Route: RA PO 150–200mg/d in 3–4 div. doses; OA PO 100–150mg/d in 3–4 div. doses 100mg sustained release qd
Side Effects: CHF, flatulence, nausea, rash | Therapeutic Class.: analgesic, antipyretic, NSAID
Use: RA, OA, ankylosing spondylitis, acute gout, bursitis, tendinitis
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, pregnancy B, lactation |
| Generic Name: famotidine
Brand Names: Pepcid
Adult Dosage & Route: ulcer PO 40mg hs or 20mg bid Maintenance PO 20mg hs IV 20mg q12h; GERD, gastritis PO 10mg bid
Side Effects: rash, acnes, depression, constipation, incr. BUN and creatinine | Therapeutic Class.: antacid, GI agent
Use: ulcer, GERD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, gastritis
Contraindications: Safe use during pregnancy B, nursing mothers |
| Generic Name: metformin
Brand Names: Glucophage, Riomet, Fortamet
Adult Dosage & Route: T2D PO start 500mgqd-tid or 850mg qd-bid with meals, may incr. 500–850mg/d q1–3wk max: 2550mg/d
Side Effects: metal taste, lactic acidosis, nausea, abd. pain | Therapeutic Class.: antidiabetic
Use: type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), PCOS, ethanol intoxication
Contraindications: hepatic or cardiopulmonary insufficiency, alcoholism, concurruent infection, sepsis, lactation, child <10y |