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Med Term Ch 10

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Created by: cayla.marie

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Medical Terminology: Root Words

Levenscyclus M1

Term	Definition
Root and definition of Adenoid	adenoid/o "gland" + "oid" = resembling a gland
Root and Definition of Trachea	trache/o "windpipe"- from greek word "rough" because of the bumpy ridges that line the outside of the trachea
Root and definition of tonsil	tonsill/o tonsil comes from latin word "almond"
Root of Nose	naso/o, rhin/o
Root and definition of Larynx	laryng/o voice box
Root and definition of Pharynx	pharyng/o throat
Root and definition of Septum (plural=septa)	sept/o comes from latin word meaning "partition" or "dividing structure"; can refer to any wall dividing 2 cavities
Root for air or lungs	Pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o
Root for lungs	Pulmon/o
Root and definition of Sinus	sin/o, sinus/o From latin word meaning "hollow" or "cavity"; sinus refers generally to any hollow area- specifically those in bones
Root and definition of Lobe	lob/o well-defined portion of any organ; main organs that have lobes are the brain, lungs, and liver
Root and definition of Bronchus	bronch/o, bronchi/o Main branches from the trachea into each lung
Root and definition of Sternum	stern/o breast bone
Root and definition of Alveolus	alveol/o Air sac; air sacs in the lungs (pulmonary alveoli), or sockets in the jaw from which teeth emerge (dental alveoli). Bump behind teeth = alveolar ridge
Root of and definition of Ribs	cost/o 3 categories; true, false, floating. Top seven ribs = true; attach to both spine and sternum. Next 3 = false, connect to spine and lowest true rib instead of sternum. Lowest 2 ribs = floating, they attach to only the spine
Root of chest	Thorac/o, pector/o (pectus), steth/o
Root of Diaphragm	phren/o Can also refer to brain (Greek's believed the chest was the seat of emotion and reason)
Root and definition of Pleura	pleur/o Membrane surrounding the lungs
Root of Oxygen	ox/o
Root and Suffix for Breathing	spir/o, -pnea
Root for Carbon Dioxide	capn/o, carb/o
Apnea AP-nee-ah	a= not, pnea= breathing cessation of breathing
Eupnea YOOP-nee-ah	eu=good, pnea= breathing good/normal breathing
Tachypnea ta-KIP-nee-ah	tachy= fast, pnea= breathing rapid breathing
Bradypnea brad-ip-NEE-ah	brady= slow, pnea= breathing slow breathing
Hypopnea hai-POP-nee-ah	hypo= under, pnea= breathing shallow breathing
Hyperpnea hai-perp-NEE-ah	hyper= over, pnea= breathing heavy breathing
Dyspnea disp-NEE-ah	dys= bad, pnea= breathing difficulty breathing
Orthopnea or-thop-NEE-ah	ortho= straight, pnea= breathing able to breathe only in upright position
Hyperventilation hai-per-ven-ti-LAY-shun	hyper= over, ventil= breathing, ation= process overbreathing; the condition of having too much air flowing into and out of the lungs; leads to hypocapnia
Hypoventilation hai-poh-ven-ti-LAY-shun	hypo= under, ventil= breathing, ation= process under breathing; the condition of having too little air flowing into and out of the lungs; leads to hypercapnia
Dysphonia dis-FON-ia	dys= bad, phonia= sound/voice bad voice condition (also known as hoarseness)
Epistaxis ep-ee-STAKS-is	a nosebleed
Rhinorrhagia rai-no-RAY-jah	rhino= nose, rragia= excessive bleeding excessive blood flow from the nose (another word for nosebleed)
Rhinorrhea rai-no-REE-yah	rhino= nose, rrhea= discharge runny nose
Bronchospasm BRON-ko-spaz-um	broncho= bronchus, spasm= involuntary contraction involuntary contraction of the bronchus
Phrenospasm fre-no-SPAZ-um	phreno= diaphragm, spasm= involuntary contraction involuntary contraction of the diaphragm (also known as hiccups)
Pleuralgia plur-AL-jah	pleuro= pleura, algia= pain pain in the pleura
Pleurodynia plur-oh-DIH-nee-ah	pleuro= pleura, dyna= pain plain in the pleura
Thoracalgia thor-a-KAL-jah	thorac= chest, algia= pain chest pain
Bronchorrhea bron-koh-REE-ah	broncho= bronchus, rrhea= discharge discharge from the bronchi
Expectoration eks-pec-tor-A-shun	ex= out, pector= chest, ation= process coughing or spitting material out of the lungs
Hemoptysis heem-op-TIS-sis	hemo= blood, ptysis= cough coughing up blood
Sputum SPYOO-tum	latin for "spit" mucus discharge from the lungs by coughing
Auscultation ah-skul-TAY-shun	from latin word "ausculto" meaning to listen a health care professional using a stethoscope to listen to a patient's chest
Cyanosis sai-an-O-sis	cyan= blue, osis= condition a bluish color in the skin caused by insufficient oxygen
Pectoriloquy pek-tor-IH-low-kwee	pectori= chest, loquy= speak speaking from the chest; used as means of finding masses in the lung. A dr will listen to a patient's chest& asks the patient to whisper a word. The word will be audible in areas where fluid or a mass is present
Pectus carinatum PEK-tus car-ee-NAH-tum	pectus= chest, carinatum= keel a chest that protrudes like the keel of a ship
Pectus excavatum PEK-tus eks-cuh-VAH-tum	pectus= chest, ex= out, cavatum= hollowed a chest that is hollowed out
Percussion per-KUH-shun	striking the body surface (in the context, to cause vibrations that can help locate fluid buildup in the chest)
Retraction reh-TRAK-shun	re=back, trac= drag, ion= process the sucking in of the skin around bones during inhalation, happens when someone is in respiratory distress
Atelectasis ah-tel-EK-ta-sis	a= not, tel= complete, ectasis= expansion Incomplete expansion
Bronchiectasis bron-key-EK-ta-sis	bronchi= bronchus, ectasis= expansion expansion of the bronchi
Caseous necrosis KAYZ-ee-us ne-CROW-sis	causeous = cheeselike, necr= death, osis= condition a death of tissue with a cheeselike appearance
Chylothorax kai-low-THOR-aks	chylo= chyle, thorax= chest Chyle in the chest (Chyle= milky bodily fluid formed in small intestine during digestion of fatty foods and carried through the body via lymph vessels)
Empyema em-pie-EE-mah	em= in, py= pus, ema= condition pus inside the chest
Hemothorax heem-o-THOR-aks	hemo= blood, thorax= chest blood in the chest
Phrenoplegia fre-no-PLEE-jah	phreno= diaphragm, plegia= paralysis paralysis of the diaphragm
Phrenoptosis fre-nop-TOE-sis	phreno= diaphragm, ptosis= drooping condition drooping of the diaphragm
Pleural effusion PLUR-al ef-FYOO-zhun	pleur= pleura, al= pertaining to, ex= out, fusion= pour fluid pouring out of the pleura
Pneumohemothorax new-moh-hee-moh-THOR-aks	pneumo= air, hemo= blood, thorax= chest air and blood in the chest
Pneumothorax new-moh-THOR-aks	pneumo= air, thorax= chest air in the chest
Pulmonary edema pul-mon-AIR-ee ah-DEE-ma	pulmon= lung, ary= pertaining to, edema= swelling Swelling in the lungs
Pyothorax pie-oh-THOR-aks	pyo= pus, thorax= chest Pus in the chest
Tracheostenosis tray-kee-oh-sten-OH-sis	tracheo= trachea, stenosis= narrowing
Hypercapnia hai-per-CAP-nee-ah	hyper= over, capn= carbon dioxide , ia= condition excessive carbon dioxide
Hypercarbia hai-per-CAR-bee-yah	hyper= over, carb= carbon dioxide, ia= condition excessive carbon dioxide
Hypocapnia hai-po-CAP-nee-yah	hypo= under, capn= carbon dioxide, ia= condition insufficient carbon dioxide
Hypocarbia hai-po-CAR-bee-yah	hypo= under, carb= carbon dioxide, ia= condition insuffiecient carbon dioxide
Hypoxemia hai-poks-EEM-ee-yah	hypo= under, ox= oxygen, emia= blood condition insufficient oxygen in the blood
Hypoxia hai-POKS-ee-yah	hypo- under, ox= oxygen, ia= condition insufficient oxygen
Computed tomography com-PYOO-ted tom-O-grah-fee	computed tomo= cut, graphy= writing procedure an imaging procedure using a computer to cut ("cut" in this context does not mean incision, but rather using a computer to view "slices" of a patient's organs)
Pulmonary angiography pul-mon-AIR-ee an-jee-O-grah-fee	pulmon= lung, ary = pertaining to, angio= vessel, graphy= writing procedure An imaging procedure for recording pulmonary blood vessel activity
Ventilation-perfusion scan (VQ scan)	ventil= breathing, ation-per= process-through, fusion= pour A scan that tests whether a problem in the lungs is caused by airflow (ventilation) or blood flow (perfusion)
Bronchoscopy bron-KOS-koh-pee	broncho= bronchus, scopy= looking procedure procedure to look inside the bronchi
Capnography cap-NOH-gra-fee	capno= carbon dioxide, graphy= writing procedure procedure to record carbon dioxide levels
Capnometer cap-NOM-eh-ter	capno= carbon dioxide, meter= instrument to measure instrument to measure carbon dioxide levels
Endoscope EN-doh-SKOHP	endo= inside, scope= instrument to look instrument to look inside
Nasopharyngoscope nay-zoh-fa-RIN-go-skope	naso= nose, pharyngo= throat, scope= instrument to look an instrument to look at the nose and throat
Oximetry ok-SIM-ah-tree	oxi= oxygen, metry= measuring process procedure to measure oxygen levels
Polysomnography po-lee-som-NAH-gra-fee	poly= multiple, somno= sleep, graphy= writing procedure recording multiple aspects of sleep
Pulmonary function testing (PFT) pul-mon-AIR-ee funk-shun TES-ting	pulmon= lung, ary = pertaining to a group of tests used to evaluate the condition and operation of the lungs
Spirometry speer-O-meh-tree	spiro= breathing, metry= measuring process procedure to measure breathing
Thoracoscopy thor-a-KOS-koh-pee	thoraco= chest, scopy= looking procedure examination of the chest (same as thorascopy)
Laryngitis la-rin-JAI-tis	laryng= larynx, itis= inflammation inflammation of the larynx
Laryngotracheobronchitis la-rin-go-tray-key-o-bron-KAI-tis	laryngo= larynx, tracheo= trachea, bronch= bronchus, itis= inflammation inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi
Rhinitis rai-NAI-tis	rhin= nose, itis = inflammation infammation of the nasal passages
Sinusitis sai-nus-AI-tis	sinus= sinus, itis = inflammation inflammation of the sinus
Pansinusitis pan-sai-nus-AI-tis	pan= all, sinus= sinus, itis= inflammation inflammation of all sinuses
Sleep apnea sleep AP-nee-ah	a= not, pnea= breathing a condition where the patient ceases to breath while asleep
Tonsillitis ton-sil-AI-tis	tonsill= tonsil, itis= inflammation inflammation of the tonsils
tracheitis tray-kee-AI-tis	trache= trachea, itis= inflammation inflammation of the trachea
Tracheomalacia tray-kee-oh-ma-LAY-shah	tracheo= trachea, malacia= softening
Asthma AZ-ma	from greek word pertaining to "panting" or "gasping" a disease causing episodic narrowing and inflammation of the airway
Bronchiolitis bron-kee-yo-LAI-tis	bronchiol= bronchiole, itis= inflammation inflammation of the bronchiole
Bronchitis bron-KAI-tis	bronch= bronchus, itis= inflammation inflammation of the bronchi
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	chron= time, ic= pertaining to, ob= in the way, struct= build, ive= pertaining to a group of lung diseases characterized by the continual blockage of lung passages
Cystic fibrosis SIS-tik fai-BROH-sis	cyst= cyst, ic= pertaining to , fibr= fiber, osis= condition a disease causing thick mucous buildup in the lungs and pancreas, named after the changes it causes to the lungs
Diaphragmatocele dai-a-frag-MAT-o-seel	diaphragmato= diaphragm, cele= pouch/tumor/hernia hernia of the diaphragm
Emphysema im-fi-ZEE-ma	from the Greek word "emphysan" meaning "to inflate" a disease that causes the alveoli to lose elasticity; emphysema patients can inhalte, but have difficulty exhaling
Obstructive lung disorder ob-STRUKT-iv	a lung disorder caused by a blockage
Pleuritis plur-AI-tis	pleur= pleura, itis= inflammation inflammation of the pleura
Pleurisy PLUR-ih-see	pleur= pleura, isy= inflammation another word for pleuritis, inflammation of the pleura
Pneumatocele new-MAT-o-seel	pneumato= lung, cele= pouch/tumor/hernia hernia of the lung
Pneumoconiosis new-moh-con-i-O-sis	pneumo= lung, consi= dust, osis= condition a lung condition caused by dust
Pneumonia new-MOH-nee-yah	pneumon= lung, ia= condition a lung condition
Pneumonitis new-moh-NAI-tis	pneumon= lung, itis = inflammation inflammation of the lung
Pulmonary embolism pul-mon-AIR-ee em-bol-IZ-um	pulmon= lung, ary= pertaining to, embol= embolus, ism = condition blockage in the pulmonary blood supply
Pulmonary neoplasm pul-mon-AIR-ee ne-oh-PLAZ-sum	pulmon= lung, ary = pertaining to, neo= new, plasm= formation new growth (tumor) in the lung
Restrictive lung disorder	re=back, strict= bind, ive= pertaining to a lung disorder caused by the limiting of air into the lungs
Bronchiogenic carcinoma bron-kee-oh-JEN-ic car-si-NO-ma	bronchio= bronchus, genic= beginning in, carcin= cancer, oma= tumor a camcerous tumor originating in the bronchi
Mesothelioma mee-zoh-thee-lee-OH-ma	meso= middle, theli= nipple, oma= tumor a cancerous tumor of the mesothelial cells lining the lungs
Antitussive an-tee-TUSS-iv	anti= against, tuss= cough, ive= agent a drug that prevents coughing
Bronchodilator bron-koh-DAI-lay-tor	broncho= bronchus, dilator= expander a drug that expands the walls of the bronchi
Expectorant eks-PEK-tor-ant	ex= out, pector= chest, ant= agent a dug that encourages the expulsion of material from the lungs
Mucolytic myoo-koh-LIT-ik	muco= mucus, lytic= breakdown agent a drug that aids in the breakdown of mucus
Nebulizer neh-byoo-LAI-zir	a machine that administers respiratory medication by creating a "cloud" or mist that is inhaled by the patient
Adenoidectomy a-din-oid-EK-toe-mee	adenoid= adenoid, ectomy= removal removal of the adenoids
Intubate IN-tub-ate	to insert a breathing tube from the mouth down into the trachea, to provide breathing support
Laryngectomy la-rin-JEK-toe-mee	laryng= larynx, ectomy= removal removal of the larynx
Laryngoplasty la-rin-GO-plas-tee	laryngo= larynx, plasty = reconstruction reconstruction of the larynx
Septoplasty sep-toe-PLAS-tee	septo= septum, plasty = reconstruction reconstruction of the septum
Palatoplasty pal-e-toe-PLAS-tee	palata= palate, plasty = conconctruction reconstruction of a palate
Tonsillectomy ton-sil-EK-toe-mee	tonsill= tonsil, ectomy= removal removal of the tonsils
Tracheostomy tray-kee-AH-stoh-mee	tracheo= trachea, stomy= opening Creating of an opening in the trachea
Tracheotomy tray-kee-AH-toe-mee	tracheo= trachea, tomy= incision incision into the trachea
Endotracheal intubation en-doh-TRAY-kee-al in-too-BAY-shun	endo= inside, trache= trachea, al= pertaining to insertion of a tube inside the trachea
Bronchoplasty bron-koh-PLAS-tee	reconstruction of the bronchus
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)	method of artificially maintaining blood flow and airflow when breathing and pulse have stopped
Lobectomy loh-BEK-toe-mee	removal of a lobe
Pleuropexy ploo-rah-PEK-see	pleuro= pleura, pexy= fixation Reattachment of the pleura
Pneumonectomy new-mon-EK-toe-mee	pneumon= lung, ectomy= removal Removal of a lung
Thoracentesis thor-a-sin-TEE-sis	thora(co)= chest, centesis= puncture Puncture of the chest
Thoracoplasty thor-a-koh-PLAS-tee	thoraco= chest, plasty= reconstruction reconstruction of the chest
Thoracostomy thor-a-KOS-toe-mee	thoraco= chest, stomy= opening creation of an opening in the chest
Thoracotomy thor-a-KAH-toe-mee	thoraco= chest, tomy= incision incision into the chest
ABG	arterial blood gas analysis of the gases in the blood; used to determine the effectiveness of the lungs in exchanges gases (CBG= capillary blood gas; when they use capillary blood from finger stick)
ARDS	acute respiratory distress syndrom
Bx	biopsy
CF	cystic fibrosis
COPD	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CPAP	continuous positive airway pressure a treatment of sleep apnea involving keeping a patient's airways open using air pressure delivered via a face mask
CPR	cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CT	computed tomography
CTA	clear to auscultation when an examination reveals nothing abnormal about a patient's lungs
CXR	chest x-ray
DOE	dyspnea on exertion
ETT	Endotracheal tube
LRTI	Lower respiratory tract infection
LTB	laryngotracheobronchitis
MRI	magnetic resonance imaging
OSA	obstructive sleep apnea
PE	pulmonary embolism
PET	positron emission tomography
PFT	pulmonary function test
PSG	polysomnography
SOB	shortness of breath
T&A	tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
TB	tuberculosis
URI/URTI	upper respiratory infection, upper respiratory tract infection
V/Q	ventilation-perfusion scan