| Term | Definition |
| Ophthalmology | Study of (the) eye (and related structures) |
| Optic | Pertaining to eye or vision |
| Diseases or conditions of the eyelids | |
| Blepharitis | Infection or inflammation of the eyelid |
| Blepharoptosis | State of drooping eyelid |
| Ectropion | Condition of outward turning (of the eyelid) |
| Entropion | Condition of inward turning (of the eyelid) |
| Hordeolum | Red, painful swelling or a pimple containing pus on the eyelid
-Another word for stye |
| Chalazion | A chronically inflamed and granular lump or semisolid cyst on the eyelid |
| Diseases or conditions of the lacrimal gland | |
| Dacryocystitis | Infection or inflammation of a cyst on the lacrimal sac (of the eye) |
| Xerophthalmia | Condition of dry eyes |
| Diseases or conditions of the Conjunctiva, Sclera. & Cornea | |
| Conjunctivitis | Infection or inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye
-Another name for Pinkeye |
| Exophthalmos | Pronounced outward bulge of the anterior surface of the eye with a startled, staring expression
-Caused by hyperthyroidism |
| Diseases or conditions of the iris, pupil, & anterior chamber of the eye | |
| Anisocoria | Condition of unequal pupils of the eye |
| Glaucoma | Mass (on the pupil of the eye) silver grey |
| Hyphema | Blood in the anterior chamber of the eye from trauma or glaucoma |
| Photophobia | Condition of fear of light |
| Iritis | Infection or inflammation of the iris of the eye |
| Diseases or conditions of the lens | |
| Aphakia | Condition of not having a lens of the eye |
| Cataract | Clouding of the lens of the eye |
| Presbyopia | Condition of old age vision; loss of flexibility of the lens with blurry near vision and loss of accommodation caused by aging |
| Retinal detachment | Separation of the retina from the choroid layer beneath it |
| Diseases or conditions of the extraocular muscles | |
| Nystagmus | Involuntary rhythmic motions of the eye, particularly when looking to the side |
| Strabismus | Deviation of one or both eye medially or laterally |
| Esotropia | Condition of inward turning (of the eye) |
| Exotropia | Condition of outward turning (of the eye) |
| Conditions of the Retina | |
| Retinoblastoma | Cancerous tumor of the retina in children, arising from abnormal embryonic retinal cells |
| Refractive disorders of the eye | |
| Astigmatism | Disease where the surface of the cornea is curved more steeply in one area, causing blurry vision both near and at a distance |
| Hyperopia | Condition (at a distance that is) more than normal vision;
-Farsightedness; cant see up close objects |
| Myopia | Condition of near vision;
-Nearsightedness; can't see objects at a distance |
| Conditions of the Visual Cortex in the brain | |
| Amblyopia | Condition of dimness (because of suppression of) vision (in one eye) |
| Diplopia | Condition of double vision |
| Medical Procedures | |
| Accommodation | Procedure to test the ability of the muscles in the ciliary body to contract and flex the lens |
| Gonioscopy | Procedure to look for blockage of the trabecular meshwork in open-angle glaucoma |
| Tonometry | Process of measuring pressure (of the eye)
-Test completed for glaucoma |
| Blepharoplasty | Process of reshaping the eyelid by surgery |
| Cataract extraction | Procedure to remove a lens affected by a cataract |
| Keratoplasty | Process of reshaping the cornea of the eye by surgery |
| Keratectomy | Surgical removal of the cornea of the eye |
| Retinopexy | Procedure to reattach a detached retina |
| Drug Categories | |
| Antibiotic ointment | Put on babies eyes when they are born to prevent them from getting gonorrhea |
| Mydriatic drugs | Medications that dilate the pupil to prepare the eye for an internal examination |
| Career Focus | |
| Optician | Allied health prof. who use automated equipment to cut, grind, and finish lenses to exact specifications based on written prescriptions from an optometrist or ophthalmologist |
| Optometrist | Doctor of Optometry who diagnose and treat patients with vision problems and diseases of the eyes |
| Ophthalmologist | Physicians who diagnose and treat patients with vision problems, diseases of the eyes, and perform surgery on the eye |
| Abbreviations | OD- Right Eye
O.D.- Doctor of Optometry
OS- Left Eye
OU-Both Eyes
PERRLA- Pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation |
