Question | Answer |
What is the number on defense against infection | Handwashing |
What does OSHA stand for? What year was it developed? | Occupational Safety and Health Administration- est. 1970 effective 1992 |
Describe normal flora | Microbes that live on or in the body that perform vital factors and protect the body against infection |
Describe immunity | ability to form resistance against pathogens and disease |
Describe humoral immunity verses cell mediated immunity | Humoral immunity creates specific antibodies to combat antigens- Cell mediated attack source of infection at the site of invasion |
Active-natural immunity | Form the antibodies |
Active-artificial | Antigen given to form antibodies |
Passive-natural | Recieved through pregnancy- umbilical cord, breast milk |
Passive-artificial | Given the antibodies |
Agent | infectious microorganism- viruses, bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and rikettsiae |
Reservoir host | Supply nutrition for organism, allowing it to multiply- people, insects, animals, water, food, or contaminated instruments |
Means of entry | How transmitted pathogen gains entry into a new host- mouth, nose, eyes, intestines, urinary tract, reproductive system |
Means of exit | How pathogen escapes the reservoir host- same as entry |
Means of transmission | Direct- Contact with infected person or discharges from infected person. Indirect- Dropplets in the air from coughing, speaking, sneezing; saliva, sweat, blood and body fluids. |
Suscepitable host | Capable of supporting the growth of the infecting organism. Elders, infants, stress, poor diet, hygeine |
Surgical asepsis | practices which render and keep objects and areas free from all microorganisms including pathogens |
Medical asepsis | practices which help to reduce the number and hinder the tranfer of pathogens |
Minutes for boiling technique | 20-30 minutes |
Most commonly used antiseptic | alcohol (antiseptic)- time of exposure, strength of solution |
Tranfer forceps | Must not touch anything and hold tips downward. |
Autoclave: | Steam under pressure sterilization- kills spores -hinges open, lids open |
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