Question | Answer |
Acromegaly | chronic metabolic condition characterized by gradual noticeable enlargement and elongation of the facial bones, jaw and extremities due to over secretion of the pituitary gland after puberty |
Gestational Diabetes | condition occurring during pregnancy; inability to metabolize carbohydrates due to insulin deficiency and elevated blood sugar levels |
Diabetes Insipidus | condition due to deficiency in antidiuretic hormone by the posterior pituitary gland with large amounts of urine and sodium being secreted |
Dwarfism | growth retardation due to human growth hormone deficiency before puberty |
Gigantism | overgrowth of body tissue due to hypersecretion of human growth hormone before puberty causing abnormal growth of the long bones |
Simple, Non-toxic Goiter | hyperplasia of the thyroid gland due to deficient iodine in the diet |
Myxedema | most severe form of hypothyroidism characterized by puffy appearance and thick tongue |
Hyperthyroidism | known as Grave's disease |
Thyroid Storm | thyrotoxicosis |
Cushing's Syndrome | adrenal condition with these symptoms; obesity "moon" face, edema, hypertension, muscle weakness, poor wound healing, low potassium and emotional changes |
Addison's Disease | life-threatening adrenal cortex disease, symptoms; low blood glucose and sodium, weight loss, dehydration, G.I. disturbances, increased pigmentation of skin, cold intolerance, anxiety and depression |
Diabetes Mellitus | Pancreatic disorder |
Glycosuria | sugar in the urine |
Virilism | Development of secondary male sex traits in women, cause; excessive adrenocortical androgen's from adrenal cortex |
Adenohypophysis | anterior pituitary gland |
Cretinism | Congenital condition caused by lack of thyroid secretion, characterized by; dwarfism, slowed mental development, puffy facial feature, dry skin and large tongue |
Endocrine Gland | ductless gland; produces hormone secreted directly in to the blood stream |
Exophthalmia | marked outward protrusion of the eyeballs |
Diabetic Retinopathy | consequence of long-term diabetes mellitus in which capillaries of the retina experience microaneurysms, hemorrhages and scarring |
Euthyroid | normally functioning thyroid |
Hypercalcemia | Elevated blood calcium level |
Hyperkalemia | elevated blood potassium level |
Glycogenesis | conversion of excess glucose into glycogen for storage int he liver as needed |
Hyperglycemia | elevated blood sugar level |
Hypernatremia | elevated blood sodium level |
Hypocalcemia | less than normal blood calcium level |
Hypoglycemia | less than normal blood sugar level |
Hypokalemia | less than normal blood potassium level |
Hyponatremia | less than normal blood sodium level |
Polyuria | excretion of excessive amounts of urine |
Insulin Shock | shock as a result of extremely low blood sugar levels |
Medulla | internal part of a structure organ |
Metabolism | sum of all physical and chemical processes that take place in the body |
Polydipsia | excessive thirst |
Oxytocin | hormone secreted by posterior pituitary gland, stimulates contractions of uterus during childbirth and stimulates milk release from the breasts of lactating women |
Growth Hormone | somatotropic hormone |
Syndrome | group of symptoms, indicative of a particular disease or abnormality |
Tetany | condition of complication of hypocalcemia, symptoms; severe cramping and twitching of muscles, sharp flexion of wrist and ankle joints |
Hyperinsulinism | Excessive insulin in the body |
Endocrinology | study of diseases and disorders of the endocrine system |
Glucagon | pancreatic hormone secretion which stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose and release into the blood stream |
Glycogenolysis | break down of stored sugar (starch) in to simple sugar |
Androgens | aka male steroid hormones |
Serum Glucose Tests | blood tests that measure the amount of glucose in the blood at the time the sample was drawn |
Glucose Tolerance Test | test which evaluates a person's ability to tolerate a concetrated glucose load by measuring glucose levels prior to dose, 30 minutes, one hour, two hours and three hours later. |
Thyroid Scan | position, size, function of thyroid |