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The Endocrine System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acromegaly | chronic metabolic condition characterized by gradual noticeable enlargement and elongation of the facial bones, jaw and extremities due to over secretion of the pituitary gland after puberty |
| Gestational Diabetes | condition occurring during pregnancy; inability to metabolize carbohydrates due to insulin deficiency and elevated blood sugar levels |
| Diabetes Insipidus | condition due to deficiency in antidiuretic hormone by the posterior pituitary gland with large amounts of urine and sodium being secreted |
| Dwarfism | growth retardation due to human growth hormone deficiency before puberty |
| Gigantism | overgrowth of body tissue due to hypersecretion of human growth hormone before puberty causing abnormal growth of the long bones |
| Simple, Non-toxic Goiter | hyperplasia of the thyroid gland due to deficient iodine in the diet |
| Myxedema | most severe form of hypothyroidism characterized by puffy appearance and thick tongue |
| Hyperthyroidism | known as Grave's disease |
| Thyroid Storm | thyrotoxicosis |
| Cushing's Syndrome | adrenal condition with these symptoms; obesity "moon" face, edema, hypertension, muscle weakness, poor wound healing, low potassium and emotional changes |
| Addison's Disease | life-threatening adrenal cortex disease, symptoms; low blood glucose and sodium, weight loss, dehydration, G.I. disturbances, increased pigmentation of skin, cold intolerance, anxiety and depression |
| Diabetes Mellitus | Pancreatic disorder |
| Glycosuria | sugar in the urine |
| Virilism | Development of secondary male sex traits in women, cause; excessive adrenocortical androgen's from adrenal cortex |
| Adenohypophysis | anterior pituitary gland |
| Cretinism | Congenital condition caused by lack of thyroid secretion, characterized by; dwarfism, slowed mental development, puffy facial feature, dry skin and large tongue |
| Endocrine Gland | ductless gland; produces hormone secreted directly in to the blood stream |
| Exophthalmia | marked outward protrusion of the eyeballs |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | consequence of long-term diabetes mellitus in which capillaries of the retina experience microaneurysms, hemorrhages and scarring |
| Euthyroid | normally functioning thyroid |
| Hypercalcemia | Elevated blood calcium level |
| Hyperkalemia | elevated blood potassium level |
| Glycogenesis | conversion of excess glucose into glycogen for storage int he liver as needed |
| Hyperglycemia | elevated blood sugar level |
| Hypernatremia | elevated blood sodium level |
| Hypocalcemia | less than normal blood calcium level |
| Hypoglycemia | less than normal blood sugar level |
| Hypokalemia | less than normal blood potassium level |
| Hyponatremia | less than normal blood sodium level |
| Polyuria | excretion of excessive amounts of urine |
| Insulin Shock | shock as a result of extremely low blood sugar levels |
| Medulla | internal part of a structure organ |
| Metabolism | sum of all physical and chemical processes that take place in the body |
| Polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| Oxytocin | hormone secreted by posterior pituitary gland, stimulates contractions of uterus during childbirth and stimulates milk release from the breasts of lactating women |
| Growth Hormone | somatotropic hormone |
| Syndrome | group of symptoms, indicative of a particular disease or abnormality |
| Tetany | condition of complication of hypocalcemia, symptoms; severe cramping and twitching of muscles, sharp flexion of wrist and ankle joints |
| Hyperinsulinism | Excessive insulin in the body |
| Endocrinology | study of diseases and disorders of the endocrine system |
| Glucagon | pancreatic hormone secretion which stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose and release into the blood stream |
| Glycogenolysis | break down of stored sugar (starch) in to simple sugar |
| Androgens | aka male steroid hormones |
| Serum Glucose Tests | blood tests that measure the amount of glucose in the blood at the time the sample was drawn |
| Glucose Tolerance Test | test which evaluates a person's ability to tolerate a concetrated glucose load by measuring glucose levels prior to dose, 30 minutes, one hour, two hours and three hours later. |
| Thyroid Scan | position, size, function of thyroid |
Created by:
anna0526
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