Question | Answer |
ABC | aspiration biopsy cytology |
alk phos | alkaline phosphatase |
ALT | alanine amniotransferase |
AST | angiotensin sensitivity |
Ba | barium |
BE | barium enema |
BM | bowel movement |
BMI | body mass index |
CF | cystic fibrosis |
CT | computed tomography |
EGD | esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
GB | gallbladder |
GBS | gallbladder series (x-ray studies) |
GER | gastroesophageal reflux |
GI | gastrointestinal |
HAV | hepatitis A virus |
HBV | hepatitis B virus |
HCV | hepatitis C virus |
HDV | hepatitis D virus |
HEV | hepatitis E virus |
IBS | irritable bowl syndrome |
LFT | liver function test |
NG | nasogastric |
PE | physical examination; pulmonary embolism |
PTHC | percutaneous transhepatic cholangeography |
stat, STAT | immediately |
PMH | past medical history |
PUD | peptic ulcer disease |
RGB | roux-en-Y gastric bypass |
R/O | rule out |
a.c. | before meals |
b.id. | twice a day |
hs | half strength |
NPO | nothing by mouth |
pc | after meals |
p.o. | by mouth |
p.r.n. | as required |
qAM | every morning |
q.d. | every day |
q.h. | every hour |
q.2h. | ever 2 hours |
q.i.d. | four times a day |
q.o.d. | every other day |
qPM | every evening |
t.i.d. | three times a day |
GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
GI | digestive |
NG | nasogastric |
a-, an- | without, not |
dia- | through, across |
per- | through |
ultra- | excess, beyond |
dys- | bad, painful, difficult |
endo- | in; within |
peri- | around |
sub- | below |
-emesis | vomit |
-iasis | abnormal condition |
-megaly | enlargement |
-orexia | appetite |
-pepsia | digestion |
-phagia | swallowing; eating |
-prandial | meal |
-rrhea | discharge; flow |
aliment/o | nourish |
an/o | anus |
append/o | appendix |
appendic/o | appendix |
hepat/o | liver |
bucc/o | cheek |
cheil/o | lip |
celi/o | abdomen |
cec/o | cecum |
chol/o | bile |
chol/e | bile, gall |
cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
choledoch/o | bile duct |
cholangi/o | bile vessel |
cholelith/o | gall stone |
cyst/o | bladder |
col/o | colon (large intestine) |
colon/o | colon (large intestine) |
decidu/o | falling off, shedding |
dent/o | tooth |
dent/i | tooth |
divert/i | turning aside, bypass |
esophag/o | esophagus |
enter/o | small intestine |
gloss/o | tongue |
gastr/o | stomach |
gingiv/o | gums |
hem/o | blood |
hemat/o | blood |
hiat/o | opening |
ile/o | ileum |
jejun/o | jejunum |
labi/o | lip |
lingu/o | tongue |
lith/o | stone |
or/o | mouth |
odont/o | tooth |
palat/o | palate |
proct/o | anus, rectum |
pancreat/o | pancreas |
pharyng/o | pharynx |
peridont/o | gums |
peps/o | digest, digestion |
pyr/o | fever, fire |
pylor/o | pylorus of the stomach |
rug/o | wrinkle, fold |
stomat/o | mouth of the stomach or ogran |
sial/o | saliva, salivary gland |
sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon |
uvul/o | uvula (little grape) |
vill/o | tuft of hair |
rect/o | rectum |
duoden/o | duodenum |
ACL | anterior cruciate ligament |
AE | above the elbow |
AK | above the knee |
BE | barium enema; below the elbow |
BK | below the knee |
C1, C2, and so on | first cervical vertebra, second cervical vertebra, and so on |
Ca | calcium; cancer |
CDH | congenital dislocation of the hip |
CTS | carpal tunnel syndrome |
CT | computed tomography |
DEXA, DXA | dual energy x-ray absorptiometry |
DJD | degenerative joint disease |
EMG | electromyography |
Fx | fracture |
MG | myasthenia gravis |
HD | hemodialysis; hip disarticulation; hearing distance |
HNP | herniated nucleus polposus (herniated disk) |
HP | hemipelvectomy |
IS | intracostal space |
IM | intramuscular; infectious mononucleosis |
IV | intravenous |
KD | knee disarticulation |
L1, L2, and so on | first lumbar vertebra, second lumbar vertebra, and so on |
LS | lumbosacral spine |
MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
MS | musculskeletal; multiple sclerosis; mental staus; mitral stenosis |
NSAIDs | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
ORTH, ortho | orthopedics |
P | phosphorus; pulse |
PCL | posterior cruciate ligament |
RA | rheumatoid arthritis; right atrium |
RF | rheumatoid factor; radio frequency |
ROM | range of motion |
SD | shoulder disarticulation |
THA | total hip arthroplasty |
THR | total hip rplacement |
TKA | total knee arthroplasty |
TKR | total knee replacement |
TRAM | transverse rectus abdominis muscle |
a-, an- | without, absence of, not |
dia- | through, across |
dys- | bad, painful, difficult, abnormal |
inter- | between |
peri- | around |
quadra- | four |
quadri- | four |
sub- | under, below |
syn- | union, joined together |
supra- | above, excessive, superior |
-blast | embryonic cell |
-clasis | break, surgical refracture |
-clast | to break |
-desis | binding, fixation of a bone or joint |
-malacia | softening |
-physis | growth |
-plasty | surgical repair |
-porosis | porous |
-schisis | a splitted, cleft, fissure |
-scopy | process of viewing |
-asthenia | weakness, debility |
acromi/o | acromion |
ankyl/o | stiffness, bent, crooked |
arthr/o | joint |
brachi/o | arm |
carp/o | carpus, wrist |
cephal/o | head |
cervic/o | neck |
cost/o | ribs |
calcane/o | calcaneum, heel |
crani/o | cranium, skull |
condyl/o | condyle |
chondr/o | cartilage |
dactyl/o | digit, finger and toes |
femor/o | femur, thigh bone |
fibul/o | fibula, smaller bone of lower leg |
humer/o | humerus |
ili/o | ilium, hip |
ischi/o | ischium, hip, lower portion of hip bone |
lumb/o | loins, lower back |
thorac/o | chest |
tendin/o | tendon |
vertebr/o | vertebra, back bone |
leiomy/o | smooth muscle (visceral) |
lamin/o | lamina, thin, flat layer or membrane, part of vertebral arch |
metacarp/o | metacarpus (hand bone) |
myel/o | bone marrow, spinal cord |
my/o | muscle |
orth/o | straight |
oste/o | bone |
phalang/o | finger or toes |
patell/o | patella, kneecap |
ped/i | foot |
pod/o | foot |
pelv/i | pelvis |
pub/o | pubis |
rachi/o | spine |
rhabd/o | rod-shaped (striated) |
rhabdomy/o | rod-shaped muscle |
spondyl/o | vertebra |
stern/o | sternum, breastbone |
ten/o | tendon |
tibi/o | tibia |
tal/o | ankle |
pector/o | chest |
steth/o | chest |
kyph/o | humpback |
lord/o | curve, swayback |
scoli/o | crooked, bent |
muscul/o | muscle |
clavicul/o | clavicle (collar bone) |
metatars/o | metatarsus (foot bones) |
fibro/o | fiber, fibrous tissue |
synov/o | synovial membrane, synovial fluid |
radi/o | radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side) |
fasci/o | band, fascia (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles) |