Question | Answer |
The respiratory system functions as an air _______ and _______ exchanger. | distributor, gas |
The respiratory system supplies _______ and removes _______ from cells. | oxygen, carbon dioxide |
______ are sacs that serve as gas exchangers; all other parts of respiratory system serve as air distributors. | alveoli |
The respiratory system warms, filters and ________ air. | humidifies |
Respiratory organs influence speech, homeostasis of body ___, and olfaction. | pH |
The respiratory system is divided into two divisions consisting of the _________ and the _________. | upper respiratory tract, lower respiratory tract |
The _________ consists of the organs that are located outside of the _______ and consist of the nose, nasopharnyx, oropharnyx, laryngopharnyx, and larnyx | upper respiratory tract, thorax |
The _________ consists of the organs are located within the _______ and consist of the trachea, the bronchial tree,and the lungs. | lower respiratory tract, thorax |
________ structures of the respiratory system include the oral cavity, rib cage, and diaphragm. | accessory |
_______ occurs when the palatine bones fail to unite completely and only partially separate the nose and the mouth, producing difficulty in swallowing. | cleft palate |
The _________ plate separates the roof of the nose from the cranial cavity. | cribriform |
The _______ separates the nasal cavity into a right and left cavity. | septum |
The septum consists of four structures: the perpendicular plate of the _______ bone, the _____ bone, the vomeronasal cartilages, and the septal nasal cartilage. | ethmoid, vomer |
What are the two cartilages of the septum? | vomeronasal, septal nasal |
______ are the external openings to the nasal cavities which open into the vestibule. | anterior nares |
_______ are 4 pairs of air-containing spaces that open or drain into nasal cavity and each is lined with respiratory ________. | paranasal sinuses, mucosa |
The throat is also known as the __________. | pharynx |
The _______ is a tubelike structure extending from the base of the skull to the esophagus. | pharynx |
The pharynx is made of muscle and divided into what 3 parts? | nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx |
The _________ tonsils are located in the nasopharynx and are called ________ when they become enlarged. | pharyngeal, adenoids |
The oropharynx contains the _________ tonsils (most commonly removed) and the _______ tonsils (rarely removed). | palatine, lingual |
The pharynx is the pathway for the _______ and ______ tracts. | respiratory, digestive |
The _______ is located between the root of the tongue and the upper end of the trachea. | larynx |
The larynx contains the _______ cords. | vocal |
The larynx functions as part of the airway to the lungs and produces the ______. | voice |
The _______ extends from the larynx to the primary bronchi. | trachea |
The trachea is also known as the ________. | windpipe |
The lower end of the trachea divides into two primary ________, one on the right and one on the left. | bronchi |
The bronchi enter the lungs and divide into secondary bronchi that branch into ________, which eventually divide into _______. | bronchioles, alveolar |
The ________ are the primary gas exchange structures. | alveoli |
A ________ is a component of the fluid coating the respiratory membrane that reduces surface tension. | surfactant |
The ______ are cone-shaped organs extending from the diaphragm to above the clavicles. | lungs |
The _______ is a slit on the lung's medial surface where the primary bronchi and pulmonary blood vessels enter. | hilum |
The lobes of the lungs are further divided into functional units known as _________. | bronchopulmonary segments |
The right lung has ____ bronchopulmonary segments. | 10 |
The left lung has ____ bronchopulmonary segments. | 8 |
The lungs have two functions- _____ distribution and ______. | air, gas exchange |
The thoracic cavity has three divisions divided by the ______. | pleura |
Two of the divisions of the thoracic cavity are the ________ divisions the part occupied by the lungs. | pleural |
The ________ division of the thoracic cavity is occupied by the esophagus, trachea, large blood vessels, and heart. | mediastinum |
The thorax functions to bring about _________ and _________. | inspiration, expiration |
Respiration may be affected by ________ defects, age-related structural changes, or loss of function throughout the life cycle. | developmental |
Age-related changes affect ____________, make ventilation difficult, or reduce the oxygen or carbon dioxide carrying capacity of blood. | vital capacity |
Inflammation in the nose area is known as ________. | rhinitis |
Inflammation in the throat is known as ________. | pharyngitis |
Inflammation in the larynx is known as ________. | laryngitis |
A broken nose is also known as a __________. | deviated septum |
A nose bleed is also known as __________. | epistaxis |