Question | Answer |
Ratatores | Deepest, spans 1 to 2 vertebrae; Best developed in thoracic region |
Multifidus | Second Deepest, spans 2 to 4 vertebrae; present along entire spine |
Semispinalis | Second Deepest, spans 4 to 6 vertebrae; consists of thoracic , cervicis, and capitis |
Spinalis | Intermediate Layer, spans 7 to 8 vertebrae; consists of tharcis, cervicis, and capitis segments |
Longissimus | Intermediate Layer, present along entire spine; consists of thoracis, cervicis, and capitis segments |
Iliocostalis | Intermediate Layer, Consists of lumborum, thoracic and cervicis segments |
Splenius cervicis | Upper thoracic vertebrae to the cervical vertebrae, Located on posterior side of neck |
Splenius capitus | Spinuous processes of lower cervical vertebrae to the mastoid process and superior nuchal line |
Serratus Posterior superior | First Few ribs to the spinous processes of lower cervical upper thoracic vertebrae |
Serratus Posterior inferior | Spinous process of lumbar vertebrae to the bottom few ribs (expiration) |
Levatator Scapulae | Superior angle of the scapula to Transverse processes of C1 to C4 |
Rhomboid Major and Minor | Medial border of the scapula to the spinous processes of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae |
Trapezius | Spine of the scapula, distal end of the clavicle to spinous processes of all thoracic and cervical vertebrae and superior nuchal line |
Platysma | No bony inferior attachment to the inferior border of the mandible |
Sternohyoid | strap muscle, wide, sternum to hyoid |
sternothyroid | lies between sternohyoid and cartilage. Sternum to thyroid |
Thyrohyoid | lies between sternohyoid and cartilage. thyroid to hyoid |
Omohyoid | strap muscle, notably diagonal. |
Diagastric | mandible to hyoid, and then loops backward toward the styloid process |
Mylohyoid | Deep to diagastric, goes from mandible to hyoid, perpindicular to anterior belly of diagastric |
Sternocleidomastoid | Fairly thick muscle, mastoid process to the proximal end of the clavicle and manubrium
*seperates internal and external jugular veins |
Epicranius | Superciliary arch of frontal bone to the superior nuchal line, has 2 bellies |
Orbicularis Oculi | Circular muscle surrounding the eye |
Orbicularis Oris | Circular muscle surrounding the mouth |
Temporalis | temporal bone to the coronoid process of the mandible |
masseter | zygomatic bone to the angle of the mandible |
Buccinator | located in the wall of the cheek |
Accessory Hemiazygos V. | Drains superior half of the L. posterior Intercostal veins into azygos v. |
Hemiazygos V. | Drains Inferior half of the L. posterior Intercostal veins and L. Lumbar veins into azygos v. |
Azygos V. | Drains R. Posterior Intercostal Veins and R. Lumbar Veins into the Superior Vena Cava |
Right Ascending Lumbar V. | drains R. Lumbar veins into the Azygos Vein. |
Left Ascending Lumbar V. | Drains L. Lumbar veins into the Hemiazygos Vein. |
Olfactory Nerve | CN 1, courses on the inferior side of the frontal lobes and parallel to the cribriform plate |
Optic Nerve | CN 2, Very inferior side of the brain, where the nerves appear to switch sides |
Oculomotor Nerve | CN 3, Near to carotid arteries, just anterior. |
Trochlear Nerve | CN 4, threadlike and medial more-so than others |
Trigeminal Nerve | CN 5, nearest to the back, seperated from CN 3 by pituitary stalk |
Parotid Gland/ parotid duct | between masseter and the ear. penetrates the buchinator muscle of the cheek. |
Submanidular Gland | Under the mandible, under platysma. Kidney bean shaped. Duct is deep to gland |
Sublingual gland | we will not be able to identify the glad nor the duct |
hyoid bone | called the floating bone because it has no direct bony attachment; located superior to the thyroid cartilage |
lanryngeal prominence | easily palpable prominence on the thyroid cartilage |
Crichoid cartilage | located inferior to the thyroid cartilage; landmarks the beginning of the Trachea |
Manubrium | Topmost part of the sternum, attachment for the first rib |
sternum | the bone that all ribs except floating ribs attach to |
Xiphoid Process | the prominence on the sternum |
true ribs | ribs 1-7, with direct connection to the sternum |
false ribs | 8-12, with no direct connection to the sternum |
floating ribs | 11-12, with no anterior connection at all |
Serratus Anterior | Medial border of the scapula to the first 8 ribs at the anterior axillary line |
External intercostals | outermost layer of muscle between the ribs; fibers run medially \\\ from superior to inferior; muscle does not cover the costal cartilages (exists as a transparent membrane only) |
Internal intercostals | middle layer between the ribs; fibers run laterally /// from superior to inferior; seperated from the innermost intercostals by the intercostal vasculature |
innermost intercostals | innermost layer of muscle between ribs; fibers run laterally /// from superior to inferior; separated from the internal intercostals by the intercostal vasculature |
Transversus thoracis | Christmas Tree shaped muscle on the inside of the rib cage |