Question | Answer |
GH | growth hormone |
TSH | thyroid stimulating hormone |
ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone |
ADH | antidiuretic hormone |
aden/o | adenoids (glands) |
adren/o, adrenal/o | adrenal gland |
gonad/o | sex glands |
pancreat/o | pancreas |
parathyroid/o | parathyroid gland |
andr/o | male |
cortic/o | cortex |
crin/o | secrete |
dips/o | thirst |
myx/o | mucus |
phys/o | growing |
somat/o | body |
toc/o | childbirth |
-agon | assemble, gather |
-emia | blood condition |
-in, -ine | a substance |
-tropin | stimulating the function |
Cushing Syndrome | hypercortisol from adrenal cortex |
Addison disease | Hypofunction of adrenal cortex |
diabetes mellitus (type 1) | lack of insulin (young persons) |
diabetes melliuts (type 2) | insulin resistant (older persons) |
gestational diabetes | during pregnancy |
acromegaly | hypersecretion of growth hormone after puberty |
giantism | hypersecretion of growth hormone before puberty |
diabetes insipidus | insufficient antidiuretic hormone |
thyroid function test | measurement of T3, T4 and TSH in blood |
FSB | fasting blood sugar |
IDDM | insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1) |
NIDDM | non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2) |
SIADH | syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone |
TSH | thyroid stimulating hormone |
grade | degree of maturity |
stage | spread within the body |
Tis | Carcinoma in situ |
Tx | positive malignancy |
T1 | Tumor <3 cm diameter |
T2 | Tumor >3 cm diameter |
T3 | Tumor with direct extension into chest wall |
T4 | Tumor invades mediastinum |
N0 | No node involvement |
N1 | Ipsilateral bronchopulmonary notes involved |
N2 | Ipsilateral mediastinal nodes involved |
N3 | contralateral mediastinal notes involved |
M0 | no metastasis |
M1 | metastases present |
alveol/o | small sac |
cac/o | bad |
follicul/o | small glandular sacs |
medull/o | soft, inner part |
mut/a | genetic change |
mutagen/o | causing genetic change |
onc/o | tumor |
papill/o | finger-like |
pharmac/o | chemical, drug |
plas/o | formation |
ple/o | many, more |
polyp/o | polyp |
prot/o | first |
scirrh/o | hard |
sarc/o | flesh, connective tissue |
xer/o | dry |
-blastoma | immature tumor |
-plasia | formation, growth |
-plasm | formation, growth |
ana- | backward |
apo- | off, away |
brachy- | short (distance) |
epi- | upon |
meta- | beyond; change |
tele- | far |
protein marker tests | measure the level of proteins in the blood |
BMT | bone marrow transplant |
CEA | carcinoembryonic antigen |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
NHL | non-HOdgkin lymphona |
PSA | prostate-specific antigen |
TNM | tumor, nodes, metastases |