Question | Answer |
Diagnosis of diabetes | (1) Symptoms + random glucose >200mg/dL or (2) fasting blood glucose >126mg/dL or (3) 2 hour oral glucose tolerance test >200mg/dL |
Kid with a limp, birth-3yo | Developmental dysplasia of the hip |
Kid with a limp, 4-12yo | Legg-Calve-Perthes disease |
Kid with a limp, >12yo | Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) |
Galactosemia | Increased risk of E. coli sepsis |
Osteogenesis imperfecta triad | Fragile bone, blue sclera, early deafness |
Werdnig Hoffman | aka SMA1; will see tongue fasiculations along with hypotonia |
Apert syndrome | Craniosynostosis + extensive syndactyly of the fingers and toes |
Williams syndrome | Postvalvular aortic stenosis + cocktail personality |
Toxoplasmosis | Hydrocephalus with GENERALIZED calcifications and chorioretinitis |
Rubella | Cataracts, deafness, heart defects |
CMV | Microcephaly with PERIVENTRICULAR calcifications; petechiae with thrombocytopenia |
Herpes | Skin vesicles, keratoconjunctivitis, acute meningoencephalitis |
Syphilis | Osteochondritis and periostitis; skin rash involving palms and soles and is desquamating; SNUFFLES (mucopurulent rhinitis) |
HepB vac | 1st dose soon after birth, before hospital discharge, with a total of three doses by 18mo |
DTaP vac | Total of 5 doses before school entry with final dose given at preschool age (4-6yo); Td given at 11-12yo and then every 10 yrs; pertussis booster for all adolescents regardless of immunization status |
IPV vac | Four doses with the last at preschool age (4-6yo) |
Hib vac | Depending on vaccine brand, primary series of 2 or 3 doses; booster dose at 12-15mo regardless of primary series brand; if no immunizations until 15-29mo then give only 1 dose; DO NOT GIVE AFTER AGE 5 |
Pneumococcal vac (unconjugated, PCV7) | 4 dose series for all up to 23mo; if no dose given yet and 24-59mo then give only 1 dose if immunocompetent and 2 if high risk; give 23 valent polysaccharide vaccine in addition to PCV7 in functional/anatomic asplenic (sickle cell) kids at 2yo |
Varicella vacs | At 12mo or older for healthy people who have not had chickenpox with 2nd dose at 4-6yo; 1 dose for 12yo and younger; 2 doses (separated by 4-8 wks) for >12yo |
MMR vac | 1st dose given at 12-15mo, 2nd dose given at preschool age (4-6yo); kids who did not receive the 2nd dose should get it by 11-12yo |
HepA vac | All kids >1yo (12-23mo); 2 doses, 6 months apart |
Boys, peak growth | 13.5yo, 2-3yrs later than girls; continues 2-3 years after girls have stopped |
Girls, peak growth | 11.5yo, stops at 16yo |
Short stature + vision problems | R/O craniopharyngioma |
Syndromes w/ tall stature | Marfans, homocystinuria, Sotos, Klinefelter, Beckwith-Wiedemann |